Zusammenfassung Ziel Dieser Beitrag untersucht anhand der Daten der Deutschen Suchthilfestatistik (DSHS) welche Veränderungen sich in der ambulanten Suchthilfe hinsichtlich Klientel, Hauptdiagnosen und Betreuungsergebnis im Zeitraum von 2007 bis 2016 ergeben haben. Die beobachteten Trends werden vor dem Hintergrund sich wandelnder gesamtgesellschaftlicher und versorgungspolitischer Rahmenbedingungen reflektiert. Material und Methoden Aggregierte Daten aller ambulanten Suchthilfeeinrichtungen, die sich im genannten Zehnjahreszeitraum an der DSHS beteiligt haben, wurden deskriptiv ausgewertet. Neben der Entwicklung des Betreuungsvolumens beschreiben die Analysen soziodemografische, störungs- und betreuungsrelevante Parameter im Zeitverlauf. Ergebnisse Die Anzahl teilnehmender Einrichtungen (2007: n=720; 2016: n=863) ist im untersuchten Zeitraum gestiegen. Neben einigen soziodemografischen Merkmalen (zunehmendes Durchschnittsalter, steigender Frauenanteil, höheres Bildungsniveau) hat sich insbesondere die Zusammensetzung der Hauptdiagnosen verändert. Trotz stark rückläufigem Anteil (2007: 57,3%; 2016: 48,9%) repräsentieren alkoholbezogene Störungen nach wie vor den häufigsten Betreuungsanlass. Bei opioidbezogenen Störungen ist ebenfalls ein Rückgang zu verzeichnen (2007: 18,6%, 2016: 13,7%), während cannabis-bezogene Störungen deutlich zugenommen haben (2007: 12,1%, 2016: 17,8%). Der Anteil positiver Betreuungsergebnisse war konstant hoch (2007: 64,5%, 2016: 64,1%). Diskussion Die konstant positiven Betreuungsergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass auf veränderte Bedarfe der Suchthilfeklientel in richtigem Maße reagiert wurde. Perspektivisch ist von einem Bedeutungszuwachs der älteren Klientel sowie von Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund in der Suchthilfe auszugehen, was annahmegemäß weitere Anpassungen des Angebots nach sich ziehen dürfte.
Introduction The ageing of baby boomers is expected to confront addiction care with new challenges. This cohort had greater exposure to psychoactive substances in youth than earlier cohorts. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether Berlin addiction care is confronted with a sustained change in its clientele initiated by the baby boomers. Methods Using data from Berlin outpatient addiction care facilities, we contrasted type of primary substance use disorder and number of comorbid substance use disorders in baby boomers with an earlier and a later cohort. To isolate cohort effects, two‐level random intercept regression models were applied in the overlapping age groups of the baby boomer cohort with each of the other cohorts. Results Compared with the earlier cohort, alcohol use disorder lost importance whereas illicit substance use disorder gained importance in the baby boomers. Baby boomers presented a higher number of comorbid substance use disorders than the earlier cohort. Comparing baby boomers with the later cohort, these relationships pointed in the opposite direction. Discussion and Conclusions Outpatient addiction care faces a sustained change to more illicit and comorbid substance use disorders. With increasing life expectancy and the ageing of baby boomers marked by higher substance use than previous cohorts, older clients, who had been under‐represented in outpatient addiction care, will gain relevance. Hence, addiction care has to adapt its offers to appropriately meet the changing needs of its clientele.
Background The aim of this study was to decompose independent effects of age, period, and cohort on trends in outpatient addiction care utilization resulting from alcohol (AUD) and illicit substances use disorders (ISUD). Decomposing trends in addiction care utilization into their independent effects by age, period, and cohort may lead to a better understanding of utilization patterns. Methods Individuals seeking help in Berlin outpatient addiction care facilities between 2008 and 2016 with an age range of 18–81 years for AUD (n = 46,706) and 18–70 years for ISUD (n = 51,113) were standardized to the general Berlin population using data from the German Federal Statistical Office. Classification of utilization as AUD- (F10) or ISUD-related (F11, F12, F14, F15, F16, F18, F19) help-seeking was based on primary diagnoses according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. Age was measured in years and period as year of data collection. Cohort was defined as the mathematical difference between period and age. Age, period, and cohort analyses were conducted using the intrinsic estimator model on AUD- and ISUD-related outpatient addiction care utilization. Results Age effects on AUD-related utilization were highest in 18- to 19-year-old and in 39- to 59-year-old individuals. ISUD-related utilization declined almost continuously with increasing age. Period effects on AUD- and ISUD-related utilization were small. AUD-related utilization was highest in cohorts born from 1951 to 1986. ISUD-related utilization increased in cohorts born between 1954 and 1973 where utilization peaked, followed by a decline of the same order. Conclusions Age and cohort effects were the strongest drivers of trends in AUD- and ISUD-related outpatient addiction care utilization. Onset of help-seeking in earlier phases of AUD development should be enhanced as well as help-seeking for AUD and ISUD in general. The highest cohort-related rates in the baby boomer and following cohorts for AUD and ISUD underline an increased demand for addiction care.
Background The aging of baby boomers is expected to confront addiction care with new challenges. This study aims to investigate if German addiction care is confronted with a sustained change in its clientele that was initiated by the baby boomers. Methods Using data from Berlin outpatient addiction care facilities, we contrasted type of primary substance use disorder and number of comorbid substance use disorders in baby boomers with an older (n = 6524) as well as a younger cohort (n = 15677). To isolate cohort effects, two-level random-intercept regression models were applied in the overlapping age groups of the baby boomer cohort with each other cohort. Results Compared to the older cohort, alcohol use disorder lost importance while illicit substances use disorder gained importance in the baby boomers. Baby boomers presented a higher number of comorbid substance use disorders than the older cohort. Comparing baby boomers with the younger cohort, these relationships pointed in the opposite direction. Conclusions Outpatient addiction care faces a sustained change to more illicit and comorbid substance use disorders. The addiction care system ought to adapt its services to address the changing needs of its clientele. Key messages Baby boomers differed in comparison to the older cohort regarding type of substance use disorder and comorbid substance use disorders. The changes set off by the baby boomers continued in the younger cohort.
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