<p>The Suez Canal is a major bottleneck of global shipping. The stranding of the Ever Given, one of the world's largest container ships, in early 2021 showed how much global supply chains depend on the Suez Canal. The canal navigability directly depends on the incoming fluxes of sediments, either through the entrance on the Mediterranean Sea or from smaller tributaries along the canal. Here we model the hydrodynamics of the southeastern Mediterranean Sea, Suez canal and northern Gulf of Suez with the multi-scale ocean model SLIM (www.slim-ocean.be). The model can locally achieve a resolution of about 50 m and hence explicitly describes the flow through the narrow branches of the canal. The hydrodynamic model is then used to drive a sediment transport model that represents the dynamics of several types of sediments originating from the Nile delta, from shorelines along the Mediterranean Sea, and from inland channels connecting the Nile to the Suez Canal. Model results allow us to estimate the sediment deposition rate within the canal under present and future climate, and for different land and river management scenarios. The latter include the impact of existing and future dams along the Nile River and irrigation practices within the Nile Delta. Our result suggest that the Nile River management directly impacts the Suez canal navigability. This interconnection between the Nile River and the Suez Canal calls for an integrative management strategy.&#160;</p>
Cultural heritage plays an important role in reshaping cities’ current morphologies, reinforcing public sense of belonging, cultural identity, and place authenticity. Port Said, the research case study, a former colonial city located at the edge of the Mediterranean Sea and the Suez Canal at the north east Egyptian coast, is struggling between new urban sprawl that obliterates its identity and urban heritage preservation. Port Said is an important logistic city distinguished by its unique urban heritage, facing a real threat of heritage obliteration. There is a continuous fight between nostalgic memories, modern life style dreams, and aimed economic benefit. Although there is an international developing agenda for the preservation of tangible urban heritage, the local community can barely interfere with reshaping of urban heritage in the modern society. It is urgent to create public awareness and heritage guardians in developing countries as the economic benefits strongly demolish heritage, ignoring their significance and peculiarity. This research aims to investigate the city’s historical and urban development with special emphasis on buildings’ visual characteristics and architectural features. Visual preference survey research methodology is used to study public perception influence toward reshaping city historical image. The current study employs both qualitative and quantitative tactics in data collection to examine the research hypotheses and to achieve organized and rational local perception about Egyptian building heritage development. Finally, conclusions are drawn about the joining of current public perception of the Port Said heritages, urban identity and city unique reshaping and development.
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