Our series, based on experience in one hospital alone, shows that re-EBRT for local relapse of prostate cancer is feasible and offers a 2-year cure in about half of the patients.

SBRT for oligometastatic ovarian cancer showed good local control and a good toxicity profile. It might be an appealing alternative to other invasive local therapies to delay systemic therapy in the case of chemorefractory disease or intolerance to systemic agents.

Background. Recent studies have reported improvement of outcomes (progression-free survival, overall survival, and prolongation of androgen deprivation treatment-free survival) with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in nonsmall cell lung cancer and prostate cancer. The aim of this retrospective, multicenter study (MITO RT-01) was to define activity and safety of SBRT in a very large, real-world data set of patients with metastatic, persistent, and recurrent ovarian cancer (MPR-OC).Materials and Methods. The endpoints of the study were the rate of complete response (CR) to SBRT and the 24-month actuarial local control (LC) rate on "per-lesion" basis. The secondary endpoints were acute and late toxicities and the 24-month actuarial late toxicity-free survival. Objective response rate (ORR) included CR and partial response (PR). Clinical benefit (CB) included ORR and stable disease (SD). Toxicity was evaluated by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) and the The Oncologist 2020;25:e311-e320 www.TheOncologist.com Radiation Oncology(EORTC) and Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) scales, according to center policy. Logistic and Cox regression were used for the uni-and multivariate analysis of factors predicting clinical CR and actuarial outcomes. Results. CR, PR, and SD were observed in 291 (65.2%), 106 (23.8%), and 33 (7.4%) lesions, giving a rate of CB of 96.4%. Patient aged ≤60 years, planning target volume (PTV) ≤18 cm 3 , lymph node disease, and biologically effective dose α/β10 > 70 Gy were associated with higher chance of CR in the multivariate analysis. With a median follow-up of 22 months (range, 3-120), the 24-month actuarial LC rate was 81.9%. Achievement of CR and total dose >25 Gy were associated with better LC rate in the multivariate analysis. Mild toxicity was experienced in 54 (20.7%) patients; of 63 side effects, 48 were grade 1, and 15 were grade 2. The 24-month late toxicity-free survival rate was 95.1%.Conclusions. This study confirms the activity and safety of SBRT in patients with MPR-OC and identifies clinical and treatment parameters able to predict CR and LC rate. The Oncologist 2020;25:e311-e320Implications for Practice: This study aimed to define activity and safety of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in a very large, real life data set of patients with metastatic, persistent, recurrent ovarian cancer (MPR-OC). Patient age <60 years, PTV <18 cm 3 , lymph node disease, and biologically effective dose α/β10 >70 Gy were associated with higher chance of complete response (CR). Achievement of CR and total dose >25 Gy were associated with better local control (LC) rate. Mild toxicity was experienced in 20.7% of patients. In conclusion, this study confirms the activity and safety of SBRT in MPR-OC patients and identifies clinical and treatment parameters able to predict CR and LC rate.

Background The aim of this study is to evaluate results in terms of local control (LC), overall survival (OS), and toxicity profile and to better identify factors influencing clinical outcome of skull base chordoma treated with proton therapy (PT) and carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT). Methods We prospectively collected and analyzed data of 135 patients treated between November 2011 and December 2018. Total prescription dose in the PT group (70 patients) and CIRT group (65 patients) was 74 Gy relative biological effectiveness (RBE) delivered in 37 fractions and 70.4 Gy(RBE) delivered in 16 fractions, respectively (CIRT in unfavorable patients). LC and OS were evaluated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed, to identify prognostic factors on clinical outcomes. Results After a median follow-up of 44 (range, 6–87) months, 14 (21%) and 8 (11%) local failures were observed in CIRT and PT group, respectively. Five-year LC rate was 71% in CIRT cohort and 84% in PT cohort. The estimated 5-year OS rate in the CIRT and PT group was 82% and 83%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, gross tumor volume (GTV), optic pathways, and/or brainstem compression and dose coverage are independent prognostic factors of local failure risk. High rate toxicity grade ≥3 was reported in 11% of patients. Conclusions Particle radiotherapy is an effective treatment for skull base chordoma with acceptable late toxicity. GTV, optic pathways, and/or brainstem compression and target coverage were independent prognostic factors for LC. Key Points • Proton and carbon ion therapy are effective and safe in skull base chordoma. • Prognostic factors are GTV, organs at risk compression, and dose coverage. • Dual particle therapy and customized strategy was adopted.

SBRT is a feasible approach for single abdominal lymph node recurrence, offering excellent in-field tumor control with low-toxicity profile. Future studies are warranted to identify the patients that benefit most from this treatment. The optimal combination with systemic treatment should also be defined.

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Certainly, the lack of univocal PET parameters was identified as a major drawback, while standardization would be required for best practice. In any case, all these papers denoted FDG as promising and a challenging examination for early assessment of outcomes during CRT, sustaining its predictivity in lung cancer.