Background: Smartphone-based education has been recommended in different areas of medical education. Considering the capabilities and features of social media, this study aimed to investigate the effect of social media and workshop on CPR performance of nursing and midwifery students. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 59 nursing and midwifery students were randomly divided into two groups (WhatsApp- and workshop-based training). Students' CPR skill was assessed at four time-points including before the training, one week, one month and three months after the training. Results: The results showed that the mean score of CPR skill in the workshop group was higher than WhatsApp in one week, one month, and three month later (p<0.05). Conclusions: Despite the effectiveness of both methods, workshop had a better effect on students' performance. Therefore, social media should not be considered a substitute for conventional training such as the workshop.
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