The Do-Not-Resuscitate (DNR) directive has provided a major leap in end-of-life care. To demonstrate the factors influencing physicians’ DNR decisions in King Fahd University Hospital in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia, 42 physicians from the medical and surgical departments of the same center were requested to participate in a cross-sectional survey.Thirty-six questionnaires were completed and returned from a total of 42 distributed among physicians, making a response rate of 85.7%. Certain diagnostic categories increase the likelihood of issuing a DNR order for a patient. Neurological (58.3%) and cardiovascular (41.7%) diseases were the highest response among other diseases in influencing physicians’ decisions. In addition, other factors like lack of comorbidities (55.5%), age (52.7%), and previous intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and resuscitation (44.4%) showed an effect on the directive decisions of DNR among investigated physicians. However, weak palliative care in the hospital (11.1%), religious beliefs (5.5%), and gender (2.7%) were the least associated factors affecting physicians’ DNR decisions.This study addresses the influencing factors of DNR orders issuance among King Fahd Hospital of the University physicians. Physicians noted that cultural standards and religious beliefs do play a role in their decision-making but had less of an effect as compared to other clinical data such as comorbidities, age, and previous ICU admissions.
PURPOSE: This study aims to understand the approach to prescribing spectacles for children and the interpretation of refractive errors among ophthalmologists/optometrists in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between September and November 2018 using a database of online registrants for ophthalmologists and optometrists practicing in Saudi Arabia. The survey included 10 multiple-choice questions designed to elicit information about how ophthalmologists and optometrists deal with commonly encountered case scenarios covering different practical aspects of pediatric refraction. The responses were compared using the proportion of pediatric clientele received in the respondents' practices (Group A: <25%, Group B: 25%) and drawing upon concepts from the published literature. RESULTS: One hundred and three participants, including ophthalmologists, specialists/registrars, and optometrists from across Saudi Arabia, participated in this survey. Approximately 25% were classified as Group A. Large discrepancies were observed between the participants' responses and actual practices based on guideline recommendations. Responses varied significantly between Groups A and B on certain issues pertaining to pseudomyopia ( P < 0.001), anisometropia ( P = 0.033), and high astigmatism ( P = 0.023). CONCLUSION: Practice patterns regarding pediatric spectacle prescription varied among ophthalmologists and optometrists in Saudi Arabia. The approach to managing refractive errors in children was better among ophthalmologists/optometrists servicing a larger pediatric clientele, suggesting the need to increase awareness among all groups of ophthalmologists/optometrists.
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