In this study, the effect of pretreatment and solid-state fermentation (SSF) on tempeh protein content has been studied. Pretreatment and SSF are important processes for producing high-quality tempeh. Based on the results of the analysis using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at λmax = 540 nm, it is known that both pretreatment and SSF cause the reduced tempeh protein content. Pretreatment causes the total protein content (w/w) to decrease rapidly from 1.05% to 0.82%, while the SSF causes the content dissolved protein (w/w) reduced from 0.57% to 0.11%. In addition, SSF increased the tempeh pH from 4.67 to 5.65, and decreased the water content (%) from 6.38 to 2.04.
The detergent from the laundry industry that continues to flow directly into the river will affect the oxygen supply of the aquatic biota, due to the disruption of the respiratory system. The objective is to determine the level of toxicity and hemoglobin concentration of tilapia (Oreochromis. niloticus) exposed to detergent residues from the laundry industry. This research method uses a randomized block design. This test was performed with five treatments and control with three repetitions. Each treatment was filled with detergent residues from the laundry industry with varying levels of concentration, namely 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% in each aquarium. The results showed that the highest mortality of tilapia occurred at a concentration of 5% up to 8 tails. While the lowest concentration of hemoglobin on day 10 and day 20 each occurred at a concentration level of 4% in (8.37% gr and 7.65% gr), while on day 30, the lowest concentration of hemoglobin was found in the Treatment concentration level of 5% for (6.42 gr%). It can be concluded that residues from the washing industry can affect the oxygen supply in fish, which is characterized by a reduced concentration of hemoglobin in tilapia from the normal concentration of hemoglobin.
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