BACKGROUND Tuberculosis, an important preventable and treatable cause of death is a major health problem worldwide. However, in patients with a compatible clinical picture, sputum smear don't reveal acid-fast bacilli in all patients. So, alternative methods of obtaining sputum specimen are frequently needed in these patients. Rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis and detection of rifampicin (RIF) resistance are essential for effective disease management. CBNAAT (cartridge based nucleic acid amplification test) (DS Sowjanya, et al) 1 is a novel integrated diagnostic device for diagnosis of tuberculosis and rapid detection of RIF resistance in clinical specimen. The aim of the study is to study different diagnostic modalities in sputum smear negative patients with special reference to CBNAAT. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was an observational study done in the Department of Pulmonary Medicine, SCBMCH, Cuttack. 100 patients were selected for the study. In all patients, induced sputum was sent for smear acid-fast bacilli. Those patients whose induced sputum was negative were undergone bronchoscopy for BAL (bronchoalveolar lavage). The specimen was sent for smear acid-fast bacilli, sputum CBNAAT and culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
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