BackgroundWas to describe 14 cases of a proliferative verrucous leukoplakia as a clinical evolution of oral lichen planus.Material and MethodsThe clinical and histopathological characteristics of 14 cases of OLP that progress towards a plaque-like and verrucous form were indicated, with monitoring over a period of six to 24.3 years.ResultsThe female/male ratio was 11/3, (78.6 and 21.4%). The mean age when the first biopsy was undertaken was 56.4 years old. None of the patients smoked during the study. As bilateral reticular was clinically diagnostic criterion, the second most frequent clinical form was the plaque form (n=10; 71.4%), followed by the atrophic (n=6; 42.8%), and erosive forms (n=4; 28.5%). Clinically it spread towards attached gingival mucosa and the hard palate. In the histopathologic study, there were a predominance of hyperkeratosis and verrucous epithelial hyperplasia. Three of the cases progressed to a squamous cell carcinoma, and one patient developed two verrucous carcinoma.ConclusionsFurther research is needed to demonstrate if proliferative multifocal oral lichen planus and proliferative multifocal oral leukoplakia are the same disorder but have different behaviour of malignancy for reasons of origin. Key words:Oral lichen planus, proliferative verrucous oral leukoplakia, malignant oral lichen planus, multifocal verrucous oral lichen planus, proliferative verrucous oral lichen planus.

Background: Thyroid disease has been mentioned to have a possible relation to the development of oral lichen planus (OLP). Objective: Because goiter is considered endemic in many countries, we proposed to determine whether thyroid disease constitutes a comorbidity of OLP. Methods: Two hundred and fifteen patients diagnosed as having OLP were evaluated concerning their serum thyroid-stimulating hormone and thyroxine (T₄) levels. The results were contrasted with those obtained in control series of the same number of subjects matched for age and sex. Results: Diagnosis of thyroid disease was present in 15.3% of OLP patients (33/215) and in 5.2% (12/215) of the control group. In relation to OLP patients, the odds ratio of presence of thyroid disorders was 3.06 and that of using levothyroxine medication 3.21. Conclusions: In the present study, OLP patients were associated with thyroid disease, specifically with hypothyroidism. Because most thyroid patients need T₄ treatment, our findings confirmed that OLP and thyroid disease could be comorbidities.

We aimed to assess the biological and mechanical-technical complications and survival rate of implants of full-arch metal-ceramic prostheses, during five years of follow-up. 558 implants (of three different brands) retaining 80 full-arch metal-ceramic prostheses were placed in 65 patients, all of whom were examined annually for biological and mechanical-technical complications during the five years of follow-up. Descriptive statistics and univariate logistic regression were calculated. The cumulative survival rate of the implants was 99.8%, and 98.8% prosthesis-based. Mucositis was the most frequent of the biological complications and peri-implantitis was recorded as 13.8% at restoration-level, 16.9% at patient level and 2.0% at implant level. An implant length greater than 10 mm was shown to be a protective factor against biological complications. The mechanical-technical complications were associated with implant diameter, abutment/implant connection and retention system. Loss of screw access filling was the most frequent prosthetic complication, followed by the fracture of the porcelain. Full-arch metal-ceramic prostheses show a high prevalence of implant and prosthesis survival, with few biological and mechanical-technical complications.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP). Methods: Prospective cohort, including consecutive patients diagnosed clinically and histologically with OLP from 2018 to 2022. Patients and controls were matched by age and gender. Fasting plasma glucose value collection from all patients. Multivariate regression analysis evaluated the relationship between prediabetes and diabetes variables according to current diagnostic criteria. Results: The sample comprised 275 patients (207 women; 75.3%), mean age 59.60 ± 12.18 years for both groups. Prediabetes was diagnosed according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA, 100–125 mg/dL), in 21.45% of OLP patients (59/275) and 14.55% (40/275) of control patients (p = 0.035). Patients with the atrophic-erosive form exhibited stronger association with taking oral antidiabetics (p = 0.011). Multivariate analysis showed that being over >60 years and having a cutaneous location was associated with ≥3 sites (OR 1.81 and OR 2.43). ADA prediabetes and oral antidiabetics drugs increased the probability of OLP (OR 1.60 (1.04–2.51), p = 0.03 and OR 2.20 (1.18–4.69), p = 0.017) after adjustment for sex and age. Conclusions: Because glycemia 100–125 mg/dL was associated with OLP, testing serum fasting plasma glucose seems reasonable in order to prevent development of diabetes and deal with possible complications until new studies are complete.