Elaphoidella paraaffinis sp. nov. and E. ligorae sp. nov. are described from Phra Kayang and Khao Plu caves respectively in southern Thailand. They both belong to Group I sensu Lang (1948). Elaphoidella paraaffinis and E. ligorae are similar to E. affinis Chappuis, 1933 and E. cabezasi Petkovski, 1982 respectively. Elaphoidella paraaffinis differs from E. affinis by (1) its larger sized setae on Exp P5, (2) the absence of an inner seta on Endp P1–P4, (3) fewer setae on P3 Endp-2, and (4) a larger number of ventral spinules on its anal segment. Elaphoidella ligorae differs from E. cabezasi by (1) its serrated posterior margins of urosomites, (2) the presence of strong inner spinules on its caudal ramus, (3) larger sized and a lower number of ventral spinules on its anal segment in male and female respectively, (4) larger sized setae on P5 in female, (5) the presence of an inner seta on Endp-1 P2, and (6) a larger number of setae on Endp-2 P2 in male. An identification key to the Southeast Asian species of the genus Elaphoidella Chappuis, 1929 is provided.
During a brief collecting expedition in Nam Nao National Park, Phetchabun province (northern Thailand) in November 2007, various water bodies connected with subterranean water were sampled. In five caves, eight samples were collected from pools and six species of Copepoda were collected. For the first time, a stygobiotic (= cave-dwelling) species of Copepoda was discovered in Thailand. It belongs to the order Harpacticoida and was recognized as a new species, Elaphoidella namnaoensis n. sp. Specimens were only collected from pools filled by percolating water. This indicates a specific ecology of the new species, linked to the unsaturated zone of karstic aquifers, where the hydrology is determined exclusively by rainfall.A detailed description of the new species is presented here, supplemented with some information on its ecology and morphological adaptations. These adaptations are compared to those found in other Elaphoidella species from the unsaturated zone of karstic aquifers in Europe.
RÉSUMÉAu cours d'une brève mission de récolte au Parc National de Nam Nao, province de Phetchabun (nord de la Thaïlande) en novembre 2007, des collections d'eau variées en relation avec les eaux souterraines ont été échantillonnées. Dans cinq grottes, huit échantillons ont été récoltés dans des bassins et six espèces de copépodes ont été obtenues. Pour la première fois, une espèce stygobie (vivant dans les grottes) de copépodes a été découverte en Thaïlande. Elle appartient à l'ordre des Harpacticoida et a été reconnue comme une espèce nouvelle: Elaphoidella namnaoensis n. sp. Les spécimens ont été recueillis seulement dans les bassins remplis d'eau de percolation. Ceci indique une écologie particulière pour cette nouvelle espèce, liée à la zone insaturée de l'aquifère karstique, où l'hydrologie est déterminée exclusivement par les précipitations.
A preliminary molecular phylogenetic framework for 12 genera (23 species) of the family Parabathynellidae from Europe, Australia, North Africa and India is presented based on mitochondrial and nuclear markers (Cox1 and 18S). The generated hypothesis places the Southeast Asia genus Paraeobathynella closer to European genera (Iberobathynella, Paraiberobathynella and Parabathynella) than to the Australian (Brevisomabathynella, Atopobathynella, Billibathynella, Octobathynella, Arkaroolabathynella and Lockyerenella) or Indian genera (Habrobathynella), or to the cosmopolitan genus Hexabathynella (Spain and Australia). Three new species of the genus Paraeobathynella from Thailand, P. ratensis n. sp., P. siamensis n. sp. and P. hanjavanitiana n. sp., are described based on morphological and molecular features. This is the first record of the genus from Thailand and extends its range of distribution within Asia, where it was previously known only from Vietnam. The new species are clearly separated as independent units at least since the Middle Miocene.
Phyllodiaptomus (Phyllodiaptomus) roietensissp. nov. was collected from temporary water bodies in Roi Et and Nakhon Ratchasima provinces in northeastern Thailand and Kampong Thom Province in central Cambodia. The new species is closely related to Phyllodiaptomus (P.) surinensis Sanoamuang & Yindee, 2001 in that it shares common morphological characters in the males: urosomites 2–3, P5 intercoxal sclerite, right P5 Exp-2, and left P5 Exp. Minor differences on the right antennule, right caudal ramus, P5 basis and Enp exist. The females differ in their Pdg 5, genital double-somite, and P5. An updated key to the species of the genus Phyllodiaptomus Kiefer, 1936 is provided.
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