The production of paper is a key component for global civilization. Around 300 million tonnes of paper being produced every day globally, with matured pulp wood being the major contributor. Due to rising demand for paper and the depletion of available wood resources, Researchers are now focused on finding alternative non-wood resources that are suitable for pulp and paper production. The current study aims to produce eco-friendly and biodegradable paper using a combination of Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) and dried flowers. Water hyacinth is considered as a lignocellulose plant which contains 57% ligno-cellulose and dried flower contains 40% cellulose, which is the prime source for paper production. Various sections of water hyacinth, including wet and dry petiole, leaves and root were blended with dried flowers through soda process. Then, the physical properties and FTIR analysis was carrier out to identify the quality of the paper produced. The paper produced from root and dried petiole has a lower thickness (1.0mm and 0.5mm) than other mix proportion. The opacity of the leaves was found to be (0.5% light passing) and the root (0.7% light passing). Also, the dry petiole paper and root has a good dry-tensile strength of 1.30Kpa and 1.20Kpa respectively. Hence, paper made from dry petiole and root was found to be efficient and suitable for paper industry.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most frequent nosocomial pathogen, causing many infections in people and posing significant health risks worldwide. The current work attempts to understand the connection between antibiotic resistance genes (ARG), virulence factors (VF), and insertion sequences (IS) in P. aeruginosa. Fifty-six P. aeruginosa complete plasmids were retrieved from the NCBI database for this investigation. The CARD and Resfinder tools are used to discover ARG in P. aeruginosa. The VF analyzer and ISsaga tools are used to identify virulence genes and insertion sequences in the sorted plasmids. Using the tool PHASTER, the participation of prophage and integrase genes was discovered. Resistance to sulfonamide and beta-lactam was the most common ARG among the plasmids. Fil, pil, and XCP secretion systems are prevalent virulence genes. The prophage, integrase, and transposons were also identified. The correlation analysis of ARG, VF, and IS revealed that ISs, rather than virulence factors, had the most significant effect on the P. aeruginosa genome studied. As a result, an understanding of infectious bacterial profiles regarding pathogenicity islands and mobile elements is required to gain knowledge of their distribution and limit their spread throughout the world.
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