We determined the diet of the two most abundant anuran species which occur in the litter of a semideciduous forest (Lençóis, Bahia, Brazil), Physalaemus cf. cicada and Bufo granulosus in the dry and rainy seasons. Pitfall traps were used to collect anuran and invertebrate fauna, which showed the availability of prey in the environment. Physalaemus cf. cicada was present in both seasons and Bufo granulosus only in the rainy season. Both species fed mainly on Isoptera and Formicidae. However, there is a difference between the rainy and dry seasons concerning the diet of P. cf. cicada. During the rainy season P. cf. cicada consumed less Isoptera and more Formicidae than in the dry season. In the volumetric sense, Orthoptera was the most important alimentary category for P. cf. cicada and B. granulosus. The Jacobs' electivity index indicated that Physalaemus cf. cicada and Bufo granulosus were specialists in Isoptera.Keywords: Physalaemus cf. cicada, Bufo granulosus, diet, seasonality. Dieta de Physalaemus cf. cicada (Leptodactylidae) e Bufo granulosus (Bufonidae) em uma floresta semidecídua ResumoFoi determinada a dieta das duas espécies mais abundantes de anuros que ocorrem na serrapilheira de uma floresta semidecídua (Lençóis, Bahia, Brasil), Physalaemus cf. cicada e Bufo granulosus, nas estações seca e chuvosa. Armadilhas de queda foram usadas para a coleta de anuros e fauna de invertebrados que indicaram a disponibilidade de presas no ambiente. Physalaemus cf. cicada estava presente em ambas as estações e Bufo granulosus, só na estação chuvosa. Ambas as espécies alimentaram-se principalmente de Isoptera e Formicidae. Porém, houve uma diferença entre estações chuvosa e seca relativo à dieta de P. cf. cicada. Durante a estação chuvosa, P. cf. cicada consumiu menos Isoptera e mais Formicidae que na estação seca. Volumetricamente, Orthoptera foi a categoria alimentar mais importante para P. cf. cicada e B. granulosus. O índice de eletividade de Jacobs indicou que Physalaemus cf. cicada e Bufo granulosus são especialistas em Isoptera.
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