Objective: The use of symbiotic microorganisms as mycorrhizal fungi to improve the availability of nutrients to plants is of great importance in agriculture. In this study, we were interested in the response of cowpea, variety KVX 396-4-5-2D, to mycorrhizal inoculation in the context of selection of effective Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) to improve cowpea productivity. Methodology and results: Six native AMF inocula (Talé Mossi, Pissila, Worou 1, Worou 2, Yakouta 1 and Yakouta 2), composed of spores contained in cowpea crop soils, were tested in cowpea plants under greenhouse conditions. Microscopic assessment of mycorrhizal colonization and biomass production were evaluated at the flowering/fruiting stage. Results showed variability among inocula regarding their response to cowpea growth. The frequency of mycorrhizal colonization of inoculated plants was generally high (92%), but the intensities remained low (57.65%). However, Yakouta 2 inoculum has recorded the best frequency (92%) and intensity (57.65%) of mycorrhizal colonization. Inoculation of cowpea with Yakouta 2 inoculum resulted in a significant increase (4 folds) in shoot (3.33 g) and root (1.5 g) biomass compared to control plants (0.5 and 0.3 g respectively for shoot and root biomass). Conclusion and application of findings: From these results, it appears that Yakouta 2 seems to be the most efficient for the growth of cowpea. This generally showed a beneficial effect of inoculation of cowpea suggesting that an endomycorrhizal strain selection could be carried on for cowpea inoculation in situ.
This study is Shea Park restoration contribution. In this study, Shea butter was cultivated for 12 months on non-sterile culture substrate and then inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The mycorrhizal parameters were evaluated at 12 months after sowing and the growth parameters of the plants at 4 and 12 months after sowing. The results showed mycorrhizal infection of all treatments and stimulation of Shea's growth according to inocula. Yac 2 mix allowed a better improvement Shea growth. This inoculum improved Shea height growth by 10.34% at 4 months and 29.02% at 12 months after sowing compared to the treatment inoculated with Glomus aggregatum, by 46.02% at 4 months and 80.71% at 12 months after sowing compared to controls. Glomus aggregatum improved Shea height by 32.33% at 4 months and 40.06% at 12 months after sowing compared to controls. This inoculum also improved the Shea collar diameter by 12% at 4 months and 28.53% at 12 months after sowing compared to the treatment inoculated with Glomus aggregatum, by 53.86% at 4 months and 75.85% at 12 months after sowing compared to controls. Glomus aggregatum improves the Shea height by 37.38% at 4 months and 36.81% at 12 months after sowing compared to controls. Yac 2 mix also improves the height relative growth rate by 33.33% and the collar diameter relative growth rate by 54.54% compared to the controls. This study has shown promising results for the restoration of the Shea Park and deserves to be deepened by extending it to other mycorrhizal strains.
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