Background: Metabolic disorders are associated with chronic inflammation. Results: Energy-sensing factor PGC-1␣ regulates cytokine expression in hepatocytes. PGC-1␣, AMPK, and metformin induce expression of interleukin 1 receptor antagonist. Conclusion: PGC-1␣ and AMPK mediate effects of fasting, physical exercise, and antidiabetic drug metformin on hepatic inflammatory gene expression. Significance: PGC-1␣ and AMPK are regulatory interlinks between energy homeostasis and inflammation.

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