Background:To analyze the association between TLR-4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile gene polymorphisms and chronic periodontitis in a sample of south Indian population.Materials and Methods:Genomic DNA was obtained from peripheral blood of 60 patients with chronic periodontitis and 60 periodontally healthy subjects. TLR-4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile gene polymorphisms were genotyped by a polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism method. The data were analyzed by a χ2-test and by relative risk estimation.Results:Thr399Ile alleles were found in 4% of chronic periodontitis patients and in 1% of periodontally healthy subjects. The prevalence of a Thr399Ile heterozygote was found to be 5% in the chronic periodontitis group and 1.67% in the periodontally healthy group, respectively. Homozygosity for TLR-4 Thr399Ile was seen in chronic periodontitis patients only, which was 1.67%. The TLR-4 Asp299Gly gene polymorphism was not detected in either chronic periodontitis or periodontally healthy groups.Conclusion:There is no significant association between TLR-4 Thr399Ile polymorphism and chronic periodontitis in a sample of south Indian population.
Absrtact:In recent years there is an increase in the studies related to the use of probiotics for oral diseases. It has been effectively used for the control of dental caries but its use in the treatment of periodontal disease is still under study. This article aims at understanding how probiotics work and its application in the field of periodontology.
This paper proposes a single phase modified seven level U-Cell inverter configurations in which the advanced process controller has been implemented. By using the boost operation the output of the inverter will produce higher output voltage when compared to the maximum DC source value used. To obtain maximum power the designed inverter is implemented with the photovoltaic system where the power is produced from two different PV panels which is connected to DC link by using DC-DC converters. The semiconductor switches and DC links are used to generate the inverter AC output voltages with seven levels. Two PV panels with different voltages are used in which two panels voltages are combined and their powers are injected to the grid. To validate the dynamic performance of the proposed U-Cell inverter the advanced process controller is used in the inverter connected to the grid. The controller is designed and processed to maintain the capacitor voltage to obtain the desired AC output with desired magnitude. The dynamic performance during changes in the supply current and DC voltage of capacitor for the process controller has been obtained.
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