Personas are a well-established tool in interactive system development, largely used with designers and developers. They can also be included in work with potential and actual users, particularly in eliciting user needs and concerns. We present three case studies in which personas are part of the research with potential users of interactive systems. Blind participants in research on assistive technologies often spontaneously generated personas who would benefit more from the technology than they themselves would. This was a way of being able to discuss potential needs and concerns, without admitting to having them oneself. Older participants exploring the potential of indoor drones generated personas who were older than themselves and would need the system more. Finally, personas were created to aid discussions with forestry workers about fatigue and safety issues that they might not want to admit to having themselves. From these case studies we draw recommendations for how personas can be deployed in working with potential and actual users of interactive systems in a variety of ways. CCS CONCEPTS • Human computer interaction (HCI); • HCI design and evaluation methods; • User models; • Interaction design; • Interaction design process and methods; • User centered design.;
There has been a lot of research concerning robots to support older people. However, there may be some areas of robots for older people that have not been as heavily researched or that is being missed. This study aimed to reassess if existing research is addressing the needs of 22 older people and asked them “without being concerned about any limitations, what would you want from a robot?” The study also showed them pictures of different robot types and asked them which type, if any, they would prefer. It was found that the older people have a lot of daily tasks and needs that are not addressed by current research. It was also found that older people were generally intimated by humanoid robots and are concerned about their privacy with voice agents but do not have a specific preference otherwise.
Conducting accessibility evaluations with users with disabilities is an important part of developing accessible interactive systems. Conducting such evaluations of systems which require complex domain knowledge is often impossible, as disabled users do not exist or are very rare. This paper presents a user evaluation method to address this problem, consigliere evaluation. A consigliere evaluation has the disabled user as the main participant, but they are assisted by an advisor, or consigliere , who understands the complex domain; the consigliere is in turn, monitored by an accessibility expert, who acts as an enforcer . As in all user evaluations, the disabled participant undertakes a series of tasks. But in a consigliere evaluation, if the task requires some particular domain knowledge or skill, the role of the consigliere is to provide appropriate information. However, it is easy for the consigliere , who usually does not have knowledge of the accessibility domain, to provide information not specifically about the domain, but about how to do the task in general. So the role of the enforcer , who is an accessibility expert, is to ensure this does not happen, and also to provide assistance and explanation if accessibility issues arise that the disabled participant cannot solve. The paper illustrates the consigliere method with a case study, the evaluation of Skillsforge, an online system used by a number of universities to manage progress of postgraduate students. This system requires considerable domain knowledge of the terminology and progression requirements for these students. It is used by university administrative staff, academic staff who supervise postgraduate students or are involved in monitoring students and the students themselves. The case study illustrates how the consigliere evaluation method works and some of the things which need to be considered in conducting the evaluation appropriately.
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