Scheduling of crude oil unloading and loading operations is an important optimization problem for minimizing the significant costs at the front end of a refinery. The scheduling problem involves finding the optimal operation of crude-oil unloading from vessels, its transfer to storage tanks, and determination of charging schedule for each crude-oil mixture to the continuous distillation units. In this work, we propose a simplified state-task-network (STN) based formulation to address the problem of short-term scheduling of crude oil operations using unit-specific event-based continuous-time representation by incorporating explicit storage tasks for handling material transfer from storage and charging tanks. Constraints are developed for different cases corresponding to material flow in a tank based on (i) whether bypassing is allowed or not, (ii) whether crude mixing is allowed or not, and based on (iii) whether simultaneous input and output is allowed or not. The proposed model is applied to a few benchmark examples from literature giving better results with improved objective functions compared with the results reported in previous works.

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