BACKGROUND: Undernutrition among Indian preschool children is very much prevalent and is the predisposing factor for various types of morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVES: To detect prevalence of under nutrition among preschool children and to find out sensitive tool for detection of under nutrition. Study design: A cross sectional study. Study subjects: Children of age group below 6 years attending anganwadi. Sample size: Total 108 children attending anganwadi were included in the study. Data collection: Data was recorded in prestructured proforma, consisting information regarding personal data and anthropometric measurements like height, weight, head circumference, mid arm circumference etc. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of undernutrition according to weight for height, body mass index, weight for age by IAP classification and by Kanawati and Mc Laren index was 36.11%, 41.67%, 42.59% and 66.67%, respectively. Most sensitive tool observed was Kanawati and Mc Laren index to detect true positive undernutrition cases. CONCLUSION: Maximum number of undernutrition cases were detected by Kanawati and Mc Laren index, whose ability of detecting true undernutrition cases is very much high in comparison with other indices, even though the sensitivity to detect normal children and predictive ability is less. So the Kanawati and Mc Laren index is considered superior to detect undernutrition in the community.
Background: Cesarean section, also known as a C-section, is one of the most common operations in the world. The present study was conducted to assess adverse events associated with C sections. Materials and Method:The present study was conducted on 438 cesarean sections. Complications and adverse events associated with C section was recorded.Results: Age group 18-28 years had 210 patients, 28-38 years had 186 and 38-48 years had 42 patients. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Adverse events associated with C sections was abortion in 5 cases, fetal distress in 12, malpresentations of fetus in 7, disproportion of fetus in 16, oligohydramnios in 4, preterm labor in 3 and postpartum hemorrhage in 9 cases. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion:Authors found that common adverse events were abortion, fetal distress, malpresentation of fetus, disproportion of fetus, oligohydramnios, preterm labor and postpartum hemorrhage.
BACKGROUND Obesity and being underweight in pregnancy are related to an increased risk of maternal and foetal morbidity, yet their prevalence is often unknown. The present study aimed to identify neighbourhoods with a higher than average prevalence or 'hot spots' of obesity and/or being underweight among mother and foetal outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a prospective, non-interventional, observational study on 1500 women (BMI between 20 and 30 were excluded). Women attending ANG OPD with singleton pregnancy at or before 14 weeks were included and BMI was calculated in early pregnancy. Their weight gain during pregnancy was noted. Any complications in the mother or perinate were noted. RESULTS Incidence of obesity in our institute was 19% and that of underweight was 21%. Pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension, gestational DM and antepartum haemorrhage all were more common among obese women, while anaemia and IUGR babies were more common in the underweight. Postdated pregnancy, induction of labour, caesarean delivery and postpartum complications were more common in obese women. Foetal complications were also higher in obese patients. CONCLUSION Lower as well as higher pre-pregnancy BMI is an independent risk factor that is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in both the mother and the foetus.
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