Background: To the best of our knowledge, there have been no studies to evaluate the effect of remdesivir on inflammatory markers. Aims and Objectives: To study the effect of Remdesivir on Selective biomarkers namely C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), Serum Ferritin and D-dimer and their value in predicting the clinical outcome in patients with COVID -19 infection. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective observational study including 102 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients of moderate and severe category who were subjected to complete blood count, liver function test, BUN, creatinine, C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, D-dimer, serum ferritin, ECG, and chest X-ray. The association was analyzed using independent sample t-test or Mann–Whitney U-test. Patients were divided into two groups. Both received corticosteroids and anticoagulants. Group A also received remdesivir. Results: Of the 102 patients, 90.2% of the patients in the non-remdesivir group and 94.1% in the remdesivir group were discharged. The mortality rate was 9.8% in the non-remdesivir group versus 5.9% in the remdesivir group (P=0.71). There was no statistically significant difference in the decrease of the inflammatory markers overtime in both the groups, irrespective of whether they received remdesivir or not. Conclusion: High values of the inflammatory markers were seen at the time of admission. A 5 days course of remdesivir failed to demonstrate a statistically significant difference in the decrease in the levels of the inflammatory markers. However, we have observed a possible clinical benefit of remdesivir among patients with moderate and severe COVID-19 disease, as there was a trend toward better clinical outcomes. Further studies are needed to evaluate this therapeutic strategy.
Introduction: BODE index is a multidimensional grading system which is based on Body mass index, airway obstruction, Dyspnoea scale, and Exercise capacity, has been in use continuously for the evaluation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is now been considered as a better indicator than FEV 1 for predicting mortality and severity of the disease. As stated by Global initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD), the BODE index gives sufficient information in predicting mortality from any cause as well as respiratory causes than FEV 1 based staging system. The aim of this study was to find out whether BODE index is a valuable predictor for analyzing severity and systemic involvement in patients of COPD. Material and Methods: A total of 123 patients were enrolled into the study. 93 patients with symptoms suggestive of COPD were selected as cases and 30 patients were selected as controls. The lung function parameters were assessed by spirometry and they were categorised into mild, moderate and severe COPD cases. All patients underwent detailed clinical examination, electrocardiography, echocardiography and routine investigations with special reference to Hb%, Albumin and C reactive protein levels. Results: The findings of this study indicated that there was a notable increase in the BODE index in patients who smoked for a longer duration of time. BODE index is an important predictor of hospitalization. In this study there is a positive association between higher BODE index and longer period of hospitalization. This study findings also describes that the distance walked by patients with higher BODE scores is less when compared to cases with controls. It was also found that FEV 1 levels of BODE score in severe COPD group correlates well. Conclusion: This study concludes that BODE index is a useful tool in assessing the severity of COPD in terms of hospitalization and mortality.
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