The Lancefield megafauna site is located on the southwest edge of the small town of Lancefield, 70 km NNE of Melbourne. The site is located in a swamp, a depression (possibly formed by a collapsed lava tunnel) which is almost surrounded by weathered Pliocene basalts which have formed a laterite cap. A natural spring flow under this cap emerges at the swamp and the water then drains into Deep Creek, a tributary of the Maribyrnong River. Three fossil megafaunal assemblages occur at Lancefield. The original discovery of 1843, now known as the Mayne Site, was the focus of investigations in the nineteenth-century and again in
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