Objectives: The aim of this pilot study was to establish a Medication Review Clinic and undertake a preliminary evaluation of the benefits of providing this service to dialysis patients. Method: The Medication Review Clinic was piloted at the In-Centre Dialysis Unit at Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand, from April to October 2002. A clinical pharmacist conducted the medication reviews, identified drug-related problems, provided medication education to the patients, updated medication profiles and liaised with primary care providers. A patient satisfaction survey was performed at the end of the study. Results: Ninety-one medication reviews were conducted for 51 patients. Drug-related problems were identified in 83% of the reviews. One hundred and thirty-one drug-related problems were identified by the pharmacist and accepted by the physician. Discrepancies were found between the medications that patients were taking and medications recorded in the In-Centre Dialysis Unit and 53 adjustments of the medication records were made. The patient satisfaction survey showed that 89% of patients found the information provided by the pharmacist 'useful' or 'very useful' and 81% expressed a desire to talk to the pharmacist about their medications in future. Conclusion: The Medication Review Clinic provided regular, structured medication reviews. Actual and potential drugrelated problems were identified and clear and consistent information was provided to both patients and health professionals. According to the patient satisfaction survey, the Medication Review Clinic increased patient awareness of preventable drug-related morbidity and helped improve the standards of medication use in dialysis patients (this will need to be confirmed). Future research will investigate the effect on the patient's quality of life and the number of drugrelated hospital admissions.
Introduction Practice‐based research is essential in enhancing medication knowledge, quality use of medicines, the scope of the pharmacy profession and improving patient outcomes. This systematic review aims to uncover the attitudes of hospital pharmacists towards practice‐based research and their perceptions of the barriers and facilitators to undertaking practice‐based research. Methods A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature databases from 1 January 2000 to 11 March 2021 was conducted. Peer‐reviewed empirical studies exploring hospital pharmacists’ perceptions of – as well as barriers and facilitators to – practice‐based research were included and a descriptive synthesis used to identify common themes. Results Nine studies were included in this review. Barriers and facilitators across four broad themes were related to pharmacist capacity and capability, workplace environment, research resources, and research culture. Hospital pharmacists had a high interest in conducting research, but limited research experience. Common barriers identified were lack of time, workplace support, funding, research culture, and competing priorities. Having a post‐graduate qualification and a positive attitude towards research facilitated research participation. Departmental support, designated research time and creation of research networks and forums were seen as facilitators for practice‐based research. Conclusion Hospital pharmacists recognise the importance of practice‐based research in improving knowledge, patient care and advancing pharmacy practice. However, large variation has been reported for their confidence and experience in practice‐based research. Building research capacity and capability by supporting post‐graduate research qualification, providing designated time and creating research networks may strengthen the research culture amongst hospital pharmacists.
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