Purpose The spread of novel Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) has affected more than four million lives worldwide. Unfortunately, incidents of stigmatisation associated with COVID-19 are being reported worldwide. Studies conducted during and after public health emergencies because of communicable diseases have highlighted the development of stigmatisation and associated mental health consequences. This study aims to explore the past pandemics and current incidents of stigmatisation to understand COVID-19 stigma, its mental health impact and how they can be prevented by using primary and secondary prevention methods. Design/methodology/approach Researches were shortlisted using keywords such as “infectious diseases and mental health”, “COVID 19 stigma and mental health”, “Contagious disease stigma” and “mental health of survivors”. Findings Studies conducted during and after public health emergencies because of communicable diseases have highlighted the development of stigmatisation and associated mental health consequences. The emphasis is on universal prevention of stigmatization. Early psychological intervention may reduce the long-term psychological effects of the illness and reduction of stigma may contribute to treatment. Originality/value This paper predicts the chances of stigmatisation that COVID-19 survivors may face and possible strategies to prevent it.
Background: India is a diverse country with a substantial number of migrants. The COVID-19 outbreak and enforced protocols led to enormous stress in the migrants. The challenges of internal migrants during the COVID-19 pandemic in India have been unique because of the unique socio-politico-economic and cultural aspects. There are various levels of migrants’ pre-existing vulnerability factors ranging from socio-cultural impediments, economic barriers to lower social or legal support. This paper aims to narratively review articles related to the psychosocial and mental health challenges of India’s Internal Migrants amid the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent nationwide lockdowns.Methodology: A review was conducted by collecting articles related to challenges concerning the psychosocial and mental health of India’s Internal Migrants amid the COVID-19 pandemic. We selected pieces, thematically organized them, and listed their significant findings under the head introduction, pre-existing vulnerability factors, and challenges of India’s internal migrants amid the COVID-19 pandemic, responses, and recommendations.Results and Conclusion: India needs to develop an integrated ‘rights-based approach’ for providing comprehensive care to migrants, including economic support, health care and active labour-market policy. The necessary support to migrants can be done by planning a top-bottom approach involving National Health and Family Welfare Department (NHFWD), State Health and Family Welfare Department (SHRWD), local municipal and corporation councils, mobile medical units, mental health care workers, and municipal bocks and NGOs.
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