In December 2019, an increasing number of cases of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) that were linked to seafood wholesale market have identified in Wuhan, China. Taxonomist declared 2019-nCoV as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus- 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the disease termed as COVID-19. Importantly, there is no approved drugs or vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. Current review is related to address treatment option for COVID-19. Interferon-β have shown significant activity against previous outbreak of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Faced with an ongoing pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 and lack of effective treatment options, identifying compounds with antiviral activity has become a high priority. Efficacy of these treatments is still unclear. Therefore, final analysis is important to develop better treatment strategies for ongoing pandemic.
The negative environmental impact of fossil fuels is growing, with the accumulation of the elevation financial charge of energy resources required to meet Pakistan's increasing demand for electricity uses. This study was conducted with the objective to determine the economic viability and feasibility of installing photovoltaic (PV) solar energy in Pakistan. It was discovered that Pakistan’s favorable solar radiation characteristics are crucial for improving the viability of installing solar systems. This study was conducted in an industrial city of Pakistan, Faisalabad. Using the CVM technique primary data on solar PV systems installed in the households was collected. The Cost-Benefit Analysis shows that the true financial cost of a PV module will drastically decrease when the charges of energy assets saved are used in generating conventional electricity.
Objectives: To compare the healing time and mean pain score of Amnion versus Conventional (Vaseline-impregnated gauze) dressing in superficial partial thickness burn patients. Study Design: Randomized controlled study. Settings: Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Department, Jinnah Hospital & Burn Center, Lahore. Period: January 2018 to January 2019. Material & Methods: A total of 60 patients with superficial second degree burns full filling the inclusion criteria were recruited for the study. Subjects were divided into two groups randomly. All patients were followed up regularly and dressing was changed on alternate days in Group B (Vaseline-impregnated gauze) and only secondary dressing was changed in Group A (amnion) until the auto sloughage (self-removal) of amnion. Outcome variables i.e. pain during first dressing change and healing time were noted. Statistical analysis of data was done using SPSS version 22. Quantitative variables i.e. age, duration of burn, total body surface area, pain during dressing and healing time were presented as mean and standard deviation. Frequency and percentage was calculated for qualitative variables like gender. The pain during dressing change and healing time of both groups were compared for difference. Student’t’ test was applied to compare the outcome and p-value ≤0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Out of sixty cases, 18 (30.0%) were females and 42 (70.0%) were males, with female to male ratio of 1:2.3. Mean age of patients in group A was 33.0 ± 10.19 years and in group B was 33.73 ± 9.55 years. The mean pain score in group A (amnion group) was 1.93 ± 0.91 and in group B (Vaseline-impregnated gauze) was 3.33 ± 1.56 with p-value of 0.0001. The mean healing time in group A (amnion group) was 15.73 ± 2.79 days and in group B (Vaseline-impregnated gauze) was 22.80 ± 4.44 days with p-value of 0.0001. Conclusion: Amnion dressing in superficial partial thickness burn patients is more effective in terms of mean pain score and healing time as compared to conventional (Vaseline-impregnated gauze) dressing.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.