Solid wastes have varied compositions and constituents from place to place. The study area is not an excep- tion. The entire 5 Local Government Area (LGA)s of Ogbomosoland were surveyed and about 40 major dumpsites were identified across the spread. Twenty-five (25) of these were selected, five (5) each per LGA, for the study. The wastes were collected from the dumps, sorted, weighed and classified according to their constituents. The densities of wastes from the 25 dumpsites were also determined. The overall average composition using the main classes of wastes were found to be food; 68.4%, metals; 7.2%, textile; 4.6%, papers; 4.4%, plastic; 3.9%, glass; 3.6%, wood; 3.1%, and miscellaneous; 4.8%. The average waste density for the study area was 438.1 kg/m3. Putrescible materials dominated the waste composition of the study area. The components of wastes in the city revealed a higher standard of living when compared with those of the residents in the environs. Rural residents generate denser wastes when compared with the urban centres and as such are prone to leachate pollution emanating from these organic wastes. The ingress of leachate is a threat to the groundwater resources of the study area
Evaluation of levels and spatial characteristics of dissolved nutrients and heavy metals in the river bed sediment within a basin are critical to understanding the extent of land-use impact on the river systems. Surface river bed sediments across eight rivers in the Ogun-Osun River Basin in Nigeria were collected and analyzed for Total N,Total organic carbon, Cd, Hg, Pb, Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn and Cr. Pollution Load Index (PLI), Accumulation Factor (AF) and Hierarchical Clustering Analysis (HCA) were used to identify the impact of the pollutants and also define the spatial variation across the basin. The pollution load indices of heavy metals were moderately high ranging from 0.41 -0.60, while AFs were 0.43 -2.00 and 0.61 -1.29 for heavy metals and nutrients from upstream to downstream in the rivers systems, respectively. The HCA identified 7 distinct spatial patterns describing pollutant input from the land-use in the basin. Although, heavy metals contents were low in relation to the background values, and the potential for redistribution and secondary pollution was high hence, there was need to impose checks on the activities across agricultural, urban and grazing land-uses that had impact negatively on the river systems in the basin.
Applicability of coconut husk char in heavy metal removal was examined in the study. The surface morphology and elemental compositions of the char was investigated with SEM-EDX machine. Heavy metals sorption on 100 g of the char dosage was studied under five different contact times in the column experiment. Isotherm and kinetic models were the probing tools for biosorption mechanism prediction. Results indicated removal efficiency for chromium, cobalt, cadmium, aluminum and arsenic at 60 mins contact time were 72, 80, 86, 89 and 100 % respectively. Contaminate removal depends on metal involved and sorption contact time. Adsorption data are fitted well into Freundlich isotherm model (R2 > 0.92). Pseudo kinetic second order well described the adsorption process, with most R2 values ≥ 0.94. Coconut husk char is an effective biosorbent in sequestration of arsenic, cadmium, aluminum and cobalt in contaminated surface water.
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