Mining development in most countries requires royalty payments. In this study, mining royalty regulations in foreign countries were surveyed to aid exploration of mineral resources in these countries. Royalty rates and systems in Canada, Australia, and African, Asian, and South American countries were investigated and used to consider the mining industry characteristics. Ad valorem royalty, based on gross revenue, was the most popular system in many countries. Various parameters, such as mineral type, ore grade, price, profit, annual production, mining method, mining depth, and level of mineral processing, were considered to determine the royalty rates and systems.
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