Background: Inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) was reported to suppress cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in various hypertrophic animal models. However, the HDAC expression profile and HDAC enzyme activity have not yet been investigated in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats. Methods: Unilaterally nephrectomized rats were implanted with DOCA strips. DOCA-salt rats then received a control diet with vehicle or valproate. We measured the expression of cardiac hypertrophic markers, class I HDACs, class II HDACs, fibrosis, and HDAC enzyme activity. Results: Here we report that sodium valproate inhibits the cardiac hypertrophy accompanied by fibrosis in the heart of chronic hypertensive rats. We show that expression of GATA6 and HDAC6 is upregulated in DOCA-salt hypertension. In addition, HDAC6 and HDAC8 enzyme activity is attenuated by sodium valproate. Conclusion: These results suggest that a novel HDAC6- and HDAC8-selective inhibitor is needed to treat or prevent pathological cardiac hypertrophy.

a b s t r a c tVascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation plays a key role in neointimal hyperplasia and restenosis. Here we report the role of the microRNA miR-142-5p and its downstream target genes on the proliferation of cultured VSMCs. miR-142-5p promoted VSMC proliferation by down-regulating B cell translocation gene 3 (BTG3). We found that BTG3 inhibited the expression of cell cycle regulatory genes and cell growth. As shown by luciferase reporter assay, miR-142-5p bound directly to the 3 0 -untranslated region of BTG3. Overexpression of miR-142-5p induced expression of cell cycle regulatory genes. Thus, BTG3, a novel, direct target of miR-142-5p, negatively regulates VSMC proliferation.

Study DesignA cross-sectional imaging study.PurposeThe objective was to assess the degree of degeneration and the associated factors through imaging studies of the lesion segment and the adjacent superior and inferior segments of isthmic and degenerative spondylolisthesis.Overview of LiteratureFew articles existed for degeneration and related factors in isthmic and degenerative spondylolisthesis.MethodsThe subjects were 95 patients diagnosed with spondylolisthesis. Simple plain radiographs including flexion and extension and magnetic resonance imaging were used to investigate the degree of translation, disc degeneration, high intensity zone (HIZ) lesion, Schmorl's node (SN) and Modic changes.ResultsAdvanced disc degeneration, grade 5, was shown to be significant in the index segment of the isthmic type (p=0.034). Overall, type 2 Modic change was most common in both groups and also, it was observed more in the isthmus group, specifically, the index segment compared to the degenerative group (p=0.03). For the SN, compared to the degenerative type, the isthmus type had a significantly high occurrence in the index segment (p=0.04). For the HIZ lesions, the isthmus type had a higher occurrence than the degenerative type, especially in the upper segment (p=0.03).ConclusionsMost advanced disc degeneration, fifth degree, SN and Modic change occurred more frequently in the lesions of the isthmus type. HIZ lesions were observed more in the isthmus type, especially in the segment superior to the lesion.

a b s t r a c tPiceatannol is found in grapes, passion fruit, and Japanese knotweed. Piceatannol pretreatment suppresses cardiac hypertrophy induced by isoproterenol as assessed by heart weight/body weight ratio, cross-sectional area, and expression of hypertrophic markers. The anti-hypertrophic effect of piceatannol in rat neonatal cardiomyocytes is the same as that in vivo. Piceatannol inhibits lentiviral-GATA6-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Furthermore, piceatannol reduces the interaction between GATA4 and GATA6 as well as the DNA-binding activity of endogenous GATA6 in the ANP promoter. Our results suggest that piceatannol may be a novel therapeutic agent for the prevention of cardiac hypertrophy. Structured summary of protein interactions:GATA6 physically interacts with GATA4 by anti V5 tag coimmunoprecipitation (View interaction)

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Ankle arthrodesis has been used as standard treatment of ankle arthritis unresponsive to conservative treatment. Transfibular approach was used for ankles with severe deformities and minimally invasive arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis was used for patients with mild deformities. Anterior approach may be used when lateral approach couldn't be performed. Tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis is standard treatment for coexisting ankle and subtalar arthritis, and modified Blair arthrodesis can be used if the talus body resection is necessary in severe talar necrosis. In serious infection of ankle arthritis, arthrodesis can be performed as staged operation. In cases with low bone density and severe deformities, Charcot arthropathy should be considered.

The sounds of the Korean temple bells, that are located in the various places, were recorded and classified into two groups according to the size of bells. The sound preference was investigated with the subjective listening test on the bells of each group. And the acoustic characteristics of the bells such as the frequency, amplitude, beat period, and 20 dB decay rate of the partials was analyzed. The correlation between the acoustic parameters and timbre preference were analyzed and the acoustic characteristics of highly preferred bell sound were presented.

The present study explored the relationship between invisibility experiences, a component of microaggressions, and negative career outcome expectations among a sample of Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) students attending a predominantly White institution of higher education (PWI). Additionally, given that invisibility is experienced differently across gender (i.e., intersecting invisibility), we explored whether the relationship between invisibility experiences and negative career outcome expectations differed across women and men. With a sample of 103 BIPOC college students, the findings supported the hypothesis of a significant positive relationship between invisibility experiences and a negative outlook on career advancement. Using Hayes’ SPSS PROCESS, the results also supported the moderation role of binary gender on the relationship between invisibility experiences and negative career outcome expectations in which the relationship was observed only for self-identified men BIPOC students. Implications include providing more attention to the invisibility experiences of BIPOC students, particularly at PWIs, and placing greater effort in assisting with the career development of BIPOC men college students. Specifically, given the significant moderation by gender relationship, customized interventions based on intersecting invisibility experiences are warranted. Additional discussion of the study’s implications and limitations are further described.