No abstract

) of long-range (=300 miles) electric vehicle batteries. In addition, the heteronet-enabled mechanical compliance of CM electrodes, in combination with readily deformable CNF separators, allows the fabrication of paper crane batteries via origami folding technique.

The effects of chemical modification (silane coupling) and filler loading on the fundamental properties of the bamboo fiber (BF) filled polypropylene (PP) bio-composites were investigated in this study. Mechanical properties of the PP/ BF composites, such as the tensile strength, flexural strength, and impact strength decreased as BF loading increased. However, the tensile modulus, flexural modulus, and water absorption were increased by the increase of the BF loading. The addition of aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (AS) and tetramethoxy orthosilicate (TMOS) after the alkali pretreatment for the BF increased all the tensile, flexural, impact strength, and water desorption of the resultant composites, resulting from the improved adhesion between the BF and PP matrix. This tendency was more obvious with the increase of the BF loading. The melting temperature, melting enthalpy, crystallization enthalpy, and crystallinity were decreased by the increase of BF loading and the AS and TMOS treatments. One the other hand, the crystalline temperature was increased by the addition of the BF, AS, and TMOS. Hence, AS and TMOS are considered as effectual coupling agents for the PP/BF composite systems.

Although chemical modifications of CNCs have been successfully adopted to enhance their dispersibility in apolar matrices and solvents, the problem of the dispersion level of mCNCs in apolar matrices above a certain loading of nanoparticles remains an issue.

Although cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have been highlighted as a potential nano-reinforcement in polymer composites, the hydrophilic surface nature of CNCs limits their usage in the composite area due to the poor dispersibility of the CNCs in nonpolar solvent systems.