The free radical scavenging activity of extracts prepared from Myelophycus simplex was evaluated by using an ESR spectrometer. For this study, Myelophycus simplex was 70% ethanol extraction was performed. Myelophycus simplex extracts scavenged DPPH, hydroxyl, superoxide, and alkyl radicals. Especially, the extracts exhibited the highest scavenging activity on hydroxyl radical, which is deemed of the strongest radical. In addition, we also evaluated the protective effects of Myelophycus simplex extract on 3.5% alcohol-induced damage (oxidative stress) in normal liver cells. The Myelophycus simplex extract inhibited productions of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and cell death against alcohol-induced liver cell damage. It was presumed that the Myelophycus simplex extract was involved in regulation of apoptosis-related pathway in the cell environments. These results indicate that Myelophycus simplex extract possess antioxidative activity on liver cells.

This study investigated the activities of trans10,cis12-conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) were then passed through the p38 in in vitro model. Cell viability, apoptosis, expression of p38 was evaluated using B16 melanoma cells. Our result showed that the trans10,cis12-CLA increased cell apoptosis in melanoma cells. In addition, CLA stimulated the expression of p38 and phosphorylation p38 (p-p38) level using western blotting. The p38 was presumed that the CLA were involved in regulation of apoptosis-related pathway in the melanoma cells signaling pathway. Considering the results obtained, the present study finding that the regulatory activities of trans10,cis12-CLA may be important as a therapeutic target in ameliorating melanoma cells mediated cancer or/and tumor on in vitro model.

The antioxidative activity of extracts from Juniperus rigida Sieb. Fruit (JRSF) was evaluated by measuring 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl and alkyl radical scavenging activity using an electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometer. The free radical scavenging activity of the extract was dose dependant manner, and the IC 50 value on DPPH, hydroxyl and alkyl radical at 16.84, 82.35 and 52.27 μg/mL respectively. In addition, evaluated the protection effect on H 2 O 2-induced oxidative damage in PC-12 cells via propidium iodide (PI) staining using a flow cytometer. JRSF extract decreased cell death in PC-12 cells due to H 2 O 2-induced oxidative damage in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that JRSF extract exhibit antioxidative activity against oxidative stress on PC-12 cells.