A wider extent of lymphadenectomy in esophageal cancer was associated with better long-term survival than limited lymphadenectomy, especially in N0 patients. In addition, increased survival was found to be inversely associated with locoregional recurrence.

The optimum sequence of bronchial brushing and washing for diagnosing peripheral lung cancer, defined as an invisible endobronchial tumour, is not clear and requires further study. We prospectively obtained washing samples after brushing in patients with peripheral lung tumours during non-guided flexible bronchoscopy (FB) to investigate the diagnostic yield of these samples and conducted a retrospective review of the prospectively collected data. The study included 166 patients who met the inclusion criteria. The overall diagnostic yield of bronchial brushing and washing for peripheral lung cancer was 52.4%. The diagnostic yields of brushing and washing were 37.3% and 46.4%, respectively, and that of washing was superior according to McNemar's test (p = 0.017, κ = 0.570). Furthermore, washing was diagnostic, whereas brushing was not, in 15.1% of all cases. Comparison of positive washing cytology (brushing) with the respective pathological diagnosis yielded a concordance rate of 88.3% (90.3%), with κ = 0.769 (0.801) (p < 0.001). Performing washing after brushing during nonguided FB is a very safe, cost-effective procedure that may help improve the diagnostic yield in patients with suspected peripheral lung cancer. Our information will also benefit clinicians performing diagnostic bronchoscopy in patients with suspected peripheral lung cancer when fluoroscopic guidance or advanced bronchoscopy techniques are not available. Flexible bronchoscopy (FB) is an essential step in the diagnosis of lung cancer. Numerous basic diagnostic procedures using FB, including bronchoalveolar lavage or washing, brushing, endobronchial or transbronchial biopsy (TBB), and transbronchial needle aspiration, have been evaluated in various combinations to improve the diagnostic yield of FB in patients with suspected lung cancer 1-3. The diagnostic yield of bronchoscopy for lung cancer depends on whether the tumor is visible within the bronchial tree. The overall sensitivity of FB among many studies of central tumours, defined as visible endobronchial tumours, was 88% (range 67-97%). The sensitivities of endobronchial biopsy, brushing, and washing were 74% (range 48-97%), 61% (23-93%), and 47% (29-78%), respectively. In comparison, the overall sensitivity of FB for peripheral lung cancer, defined as an invisible endobronchial tumour, was 78% (range 36-88%). TBB had the highest sensitivity (57%, range 17-80%), followed by brushing (54%, range 16-84%), and bronchoalveolar lavage or washing (43%, range 12-65%) 3. However, the

Bortezomib is an inhibitor of 26S proteasome, which is an effective treatment for multiple myeloma. The common adverse effects of bortezomib are asthenic conditions, gastrointestinal disturbances, and peripheral neuropathy. Here we describe a patient with dyspnea and general weakness because of complete atrioventricular block while receiving bortezomib. We immediately stopped bortezomib, and after inserting a permanent VDD pacemaker, the patients' symptoms disappeared.

Epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been widely used for non-small-cell lung cancer patients. Its untoward cutaneous effects are largely well known and developed in many patients treated with EGFR TKIs. However trichomegaly of eyelash is rarely reported. Although trichomegaly is not a drug-limiting side effect, it could be troublesome of continuing the treatment because of cosmetic issue or eyeball irritation by long eyelashes. Therefore clinicians are needed to pay attention to this uncommon effect. We herein describe erlotinib induced trichomegaly of eyelashes in a woman with adenocarcinoma of the lung.

Surgical resection of localized malignant mediastinal neurogenic tumor in children showed good long-term survival, and salvage operations after chemotherapy showed acceptable long-term survival.