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Endogenous testosterone may have a beneficial effect on lower urinary tract function and that a high frequency of nocturia may induce testosterone deficiency.

= Abstract =There is strong evidence from multiple epidemiological studies that benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) induced lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are correlated with erectile dysfunction (ED). Although a direct causal relationship is not established yet, four pathophysiological mechanisms can explain the relationship. These include alteration in and LUTS in subjects with ED. Basically PDE5 I with long half life is an appropriate candidate, therefore tadalafil and undenafil had been used to evaluate both diseases. Placebo-controlled trials of tadalafil showed improvement of LUTS secondary to BPH, but none of the studies showed a significant effect on urodynamic measures. PDE5 Is, such as sildenafil and tadalafil, increase the concentration of cGMP in plasma and smooth muscle, facilitating erection of the penis, relaxation of the bladder neck and prostate and subsequent bladder emptying. And theses PDE5 Is increase cAMP and cGMP levels and are more highly distributed in the prostate than plasma. These findings may help in the assessment of the feasibility of using PDE5 Is to concurrently treat both LUTS and ED.

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Introduction Simultaneous urethral repair and reimplantation of penile prosthesis in a patient with urethral stricture induced by rotated tubing of a three piece penile prosthesis has not been reported yet. Aim The aim of this study was to present our experience, which overcame severe urethral stricture induced by penile prosthesis implantation. Main Outcome Measure Uroflowmetry, voding cystourethrogram, function of prosthesis, and complications. Methods We performed one-stage urethroplasty with pedicle island of penile skin and reimplantation of Titan penile prosthesis without abnormal rotation of the cylinder. Results The patient voided very well, and the prosthesis worked very well without complications. Conclusion One-stage urethroplasty with pedicle island of penile skin and reimplantation of a three-piece penile prosthesis in simultaneous stage may be another choice to treat the long-segment urethral stricture occurred by three-piece penile prosthesis implantation.