Abstract:The analysis of the decision to enter into self-employment is a hot topic in economic

Resumo: A Economia do Desenvolvimento centra a sua análise nos problemas próprios de uma vasta periferia de países menos desenvolvidos. Neste artigo procurámos produzir um survey conciso das principais abordagens que formam o corpo teórico dessa disciplina quanto aos problemas do desenvolvimento, sistematizando-as em quatro vertentes centrais: (i) teorias da modernização; (ii) teorias da dependência; (iii) teoria do sistema-mundo; (iv) contra-revolução neoclássica. Adicionalmente, debatemos os novos conceitos de desenvolvimento que têm emergido nas últimas décadas e que têm permitido alargar a amplitude associada ao conceito de desenvolvimento econômico, enquadrando-os nas agregações conceptuais de desenvolvimento sustentável, local e humano.Palavras-chave: desenvolvimento econômico; teoria do desenvolvimento.

The analysis of health inequalities is a critical topic for health policy. With data for Portugal, we propose an algorithm to convert information provided by the official National Health Survey to EuroQol. Based on these data we make two contributions. First, we extend measures and methods commonly applied in other fields of economic research in order to quantify the phenomena of health poverty, richness, and inequality. Second, using an ordered probit model, we evaluate the determinants of health inequalities in Portugal. The results show that there is a remarkable level of health inequality, with significant rates of poverty (11.64%) and richness (22.64%). The econometric study reveals that gender, age, education, region of residence, and eating habits are among the most critical determinant factors of health.

Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to identify the main determinants of the probability of a household being poor, middle class, or rich. Design/methodology/approach -A new and integrated approach to the measurement of inequality in income distribution, poverty, and richness was recently proposed. Based on that approach and considering data for the Portuguese economy, the authors estimate a multinomial model in order to identify the main determinants of the probability of a household being poor, middle class, or rich using a set of characteristics of the households and the household's individual of reference as explanatory variables. Findings -The evidence obtained indicates that: the determinants of poverty and richness are similar in qualitative terms; and household type, main source of income, education, and labor market state are the most important factors explaining these phenomena. Originality/value -Following a methodology recently proposed by Crespo et al. toward an integrated measurement of inequality, poverty, and richness, the present study contributes to this line of research by using a micro-econometric model applied to the Portuguese economy in order to identify the determinants of poverty and richness.