Following a preexperimental assessment of computer-interactive math performance during VR 6 reinforcement and extinction, 4 regular education students and 2 students identified as behaviorally disordered participated in an A-BC-D-BC withdrawal of treatment design. Subsequent to baseline observations of math performance during self-assessment with and without accuracy feedback, students were trained in self-assessment procedures by way of a series of computer-interactive tutorials. During treatment, students were provided computer-displayed accuracy feedback plus reinforcement for correct self-assessments of their math performance. Reinforcement and feedback were gradually leaned, and in the final treatment condition, accuracy feedback was terminated; however, monetary reinforcement for correct selfassessment was sustained. Following treatment, students were given opportunities to perform math problems in the absence of reinforcement while self-assessing their performances with and without accuracy feedback. This was succeeded by a withdrawal condition and a final session in which students, again, were given an opportunity to self-assess with and without feedback from the computer. Outcomes suggest that subsequent to training computerinteractive self-assessment with feedback may facilitate high rates and long durations of math performance even in the absence of compensation. Implications regarding the augmental as a type of rule-governed behavior and the necessary and sufficient conditions for sustaining self-assessment as a learned reinforcer are discussed.
In the early eighteenth century, the increasing dependence of society on financial credit provoked widespread anxiety. The texts of credit - stock certificates, IOUs, bills of exchange - were denominated as potential 'fictions', while the potential fictionality of other texts was measured in terms of the 'credit' they deserved. Sandra Sherman argues that in this environment finance is like fiction, employing the same tropes. She goes on to show how the work of Daniel Defoe epitomised the market's capacity to unsettle discourse, demanding and evading 'honesty' at the same time. Defoe's œuvre, straddling both finance and literature, theorizes the disturbance of market discourse, elaborating strategies by which an author can remain in the market, perpetrating fiction while avoiding responsibility for doing so.
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