The effect of epigallocatechin gallate enriched green tea extract (GTE) on flavor, Maillard reactions and protein modifications in lactose-hydrolyzed (LH) ultrahigh temperature (UHT) processed milk was examined during storage at 40 °C for up to 42 days. Addition of GTE inhibited the formation of Strecker aldehydes by up to 95% compared to control milk, and the effect was similar when GTE was added either before or after UHT treatment. Release of free amino acids, caused by proteolysis, during storage was also decreased in GTE-added milk either before or after UHT treatment compared to control milk. Binding of polyphenols to milk proteins was observed in both fresh and stored milk samples. The inhibition of Strecker aldehyde formation by GTE may be explained by two different mechanisms; inhibition of proteolysis during storage by GTE or binding of amino acids and proteins to the GTE polyphenols.

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With increasing attention toward understanding underlying factors of food acceptability, it was investigated how different sensory profiles of berry and vegetable beverages impacted consumers' associations, emotions, view of appropriateness, and consequently liking acquisition. In total, 216 (F = 161, M = 55) subjects (18–66 years) participated in a CATA and liking evaluation. The beverages evoked associations, emotions, and appropriateness for use and these varied with changes of the perceptual properties of the product. Thus, CATA was an appropriate method to collect information about consumer responses beyond liking. Health was most frequently used to describe the beverages. However, associations related to excitement (delicious, good, and summery) and sensory perception (refreshing, mild, and fresh made) of the beverages had the largest influence on liking acquisition with delicious being most influential. Practical implications CATA including consumers' associations, emotions, and appropriateness for use questions was a suitable and valuable method for gathering information on consumer responses in order to move beyond basic liking indications. The outcome highlighted the importance of sensory quality, as the consumers found deliciousness more important for food acceptability than health when evaluating beverages.

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Summary This paper studied the fast sensory Rate‐All‐That‐Apply (RATA) method as a contributor to existing quality control (QC) in chocolate production by comparing it with the outcome of dynamic headspace sampling combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (DHS‐GC‐MS). Seven different chocolates were evaluated by a semi‐trained panel using RATA. RATA showed potential as a sensory evaluation tool which could be part of QC programmes in chocolate production as RATA was efficient to perform and captured important sensory deviations, herein addition of excess lecithin and prolonged roasting. However, product deviations caused by long conching were only detected by DHS‐GC‐MS. A more extreme conching process must occur before it can be perceived by humans. RATA and DHS‐GC‐MS should be used as complementary methods in detecting future important issues in chocolate production. DHS‐GC‐MS detects product deviation from chemical perspectives while sensory evaluation gives information on quality parameters from a perceivable perspective influencing consumer satisfaction.

Repeated exposure was investigated for predicting long-term liking of five chocolates products; three novel products, added cinnamon/cardamom, commercial beet flavor or a homemade beet-flavor and two existing products: 70% chocolate and chocolate added liquorice. Ninety-five Danish consumers were exposed daily to one of the five chocolate types during a two-week period, interrupted twice with exposure to odd samples (day 3 and 10). Liking, arousal and complexity were rated. Arousal and perceived complexity ratings for the chocolates with added Liquorice and cinnamon/cardamom dropped significantly during the exposures, but in both cases was followed by an increase towards the end of the study resulting in the recording of no significant difference between pre and post test. None of the groups showed any significant changes in pre-post exposure liking. Ratings of arousal and complexity did not provide further understanding of the mechanisms affecting long-term liking. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThe high failure rate of newly developed food products is continuingly a huge issue in the food industry. Product launches failing to meet long-term consumer liking, can often imply major losses related to development, production, distribution and marketing. The present study investigated the relevance of a repeated exposure test design, when predicting long-term liking of five chocolate products. Perceived complexity and arousal were also measured, aiming at providing further insight into the recorded liking. No pre-post exposure changes were found for liking, perceived arousal and complexity, thus a repeated exposure test design was not found relevant to predict long-term liking of chocolates. The stable liking responses observed in the present study is suggested to be related to the rewarding properties of the chocolate. The extra costs, associated with a repeated exposure test, may however still be feasible, when predicting long-term liking of other food products with the potential risk of failure.

The volatile and sensory profile of pasteurised (95 °C, 18 min) and sterilised (120 °C, 14 min) tomato soup and its changes at accelerated storage conditions (37 and 42 °C) were identified, characterised and correlated by predictive models. Sterilisation led to more profound changes over storage compared to pasteurisation, showing enhanced levels of "dark" odour, "burnt" flavour and "complexity", while pasteurised soup had more pronounced "green" odour, "vegetables" flavour, "harmony" and "freshness". Over time, "dark" and "burnt" significantly increased for sterilised soups, whereas "green" decreased significantly only for sterilised soup stored at 42 °C. The changes of "dark", "green", "off-flavour", "burnt", "harmony" and "freshness" were associated with formation of furans (furfural and 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran), and decline of unsaturated aldehydes like E-2-octenal and E,E-2,4-heptadienal. These compounds were identified to represent potential shelf-life markers, yet more studies on their odour activity in the tomato soup matrix are necessary to understand their contribution to the sensory quality. The construction of PLS models allowed the prediction of "green", "off-flavour", "burnt" and "freshness" based on selected volatiles. These models will be important tools in the process of predicting the end of shelf-life, but need to be supplemented with consumer acceptability levels.