Objetivos Describir las características epidemiológicas y sociodemográficas de los portadores asintomáticos reportadas en la literatura y revisar las estrategias utilizadas para el diagnóstico y control.Métodos Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura. Se incluyeron todos los estudios publicados entre el 1.º de enero y el 26 de junio de 2020 realizados en humanos que informaron personas que permanecieron asintomáticas por COVID-19. Se adaptaron descriptores a las interfaces de ocho bases de datos bibliográficas: PubMed, Ovid, SciELO, Ebsco, Scopus, LILACS, Epistemonikos y Embase.Resultados Aproximadamente el 45% de los artículos reportaron población adulta, trece estudios informaron población mixta (adultos y pediátricos). Se identificaron 3525 personas asintomáticas, con un promedio de 37,1 años [0,5-82 años]. Si bien no se reportó efectividad de medidas de control y prevención, la identificación, aislamiento y seguimiento de los contactos se destaca como un potencial mecanismo efectivo para prevenir la transmisión.Conclusiones El uso de esta información podría ser relevante para orientar las políticas de salud pública basadas en la evidencia y la protección de las poblaciones y la mejora de la atención médica que contribuya a detener esta pandemia.
Rurality as a concept was originated within the framework of the migration phenomena of the nineteenth century. During the post-war period, a dichotomic approach was established for this concept, along with the emerging notion of growth, which influenced the economic models of multiple countries worldwide. However, during the last 50 years, the rurality concept acquired a polysemic nature. Thus, the main objective of this article is analyzing several definitions of rurality from the perspective of some subdisciplines of the social sciences and their lines of thought to evaluate their implications for public health within different contexts.
Objective: To identify and assess the effect of community-based Knowledge Translation Strategies (KTS) on maternal, neonatal, and perinatal outcomes.Methods: We conducted systematic searches in Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, CINAHL, PsycInfo, LILACS, Wholis, Web of Science, ERIC, Jstor, and Epistemonikos. We assessed the certainty of the evidence of the studies using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) framework.Results: We identified seven quantitative and seven qualitative studies. Quantitative findings suggest that there is a possible effect on reducing maternal mortality (RR 0.65; 95% CI, 0.48–0.87; moderate evidence certainty); neonatal mortality (RR 0.79; 95% CI 0.70–0.90; moderate evidence certainty); and perinatal mortality (RR 0.84; 95% CI 0.77–0.91; moderate evidence certainty) in women exposed to KTS compared to those who received conventional interventions or no intervention at all. Analysis of qualitative studies identified elements that allowed to generate benefit effects in improving maternal, neonatal, and perinatal outcomes.Conclusion: The KTS in maternal, neonatal, and perinatal outcomes might encourage the autonomy of communities despite that the certainty of evidence was moderate.
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