Background: Identification of markers for prediction of the clinical course of diabetic nephropathy remains a major challenge in disease management. We established a proteomics approach for identification of diabetic nephropathy-related biomarkers in urine. Methods: We used SELDI-TOF mass spectrometry and SAX2 protein arrays to compare protein profiles from urine of 4 defined patient groups. Samples from patients with type 2 diabetes (DM; n ؍ 45) without nephropathy and without microalbuminuria (DM-WNP), patients with DM with macro-or microalbuminuria (DM-NP; n ؍ 38), patients with proteinuria due to nondiabetic renal disease (n ؍ 34), and healthy controls (n ؍ 45) were analyzed. Anionic exchange, reversedphase fractionation, gel electrophoresis, and mass spectrometry were used to isolate and identify proteins with high discriminatory power. Results: A protein with m/z 6188 (P <0.0000004) was strongly released in the urine of healthy controls, patients with proteinuria due to nondiabetic disease, and DM-WNP in contrast to DM-NP patients. An m/z 14 766 protein (P <0.00008) was selectively excreted in the urine of DM-NP patients, whereas the protein with m/z 11 774 (P <0.000004) was significantly excreted by pa-
Magneto-optical imaging with magneto-optical indicator films (MOIF) is a versatile method to characterize magnetic field distributions especially for material development and quality control. Magnetic domains and grains in grain-oriented electrical steel can be visualized, and quantified without removing the isolation layer. The combination of MOIF with digital high-speed camera technology enables temporally resolved investigations of the magnetization processes. In contrast to Kerr-effect measurements MOIF imaging works without sample preparation and even in the presence of industrial insulation coatings. Optical resolution of 25 microns and temporal resolution of 1 ms in single-shot mode could be demonstrated.
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