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Background-Abdominal adhesions are a common side effect of surgical procedures with complications including infertility, chronic pain, and bowel obstruction, which may lead to the need for surgical lyses of the adhesions. Mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2) has been implicated in several diseases involving inflammation and fibrosis. Thus, the development of a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) that modulates MK2 activity may confer therapeutic benefit after abdominal surgery in general and more specifically after bowel anastomosis.

Nutrition has always been noted to be one of the major influences on the successful outcome of wound healing. The exuberant cellular and biochemical events that constitute the wound-healing cascade require energy, amino acids, oxygen, metals, trace minerals, and vitamins for successful completion. Many nutritional deficiencies impact on wound healing by impeding fibroblast proliferation, collagen synthesis, and epithelialization. There are also nutrients that can enhance wound-healing responses. It is imperative for physicians to obtain a complete nutritional history and consider nutritional intervention as a means of affecting the course of healing. This review examines many of the advances that have occurred in understanding nutrition/wound interactions.

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Ten percent of patients with ypT0 tumors had positive nodes after chemoradiation therapy and resection. Factors associated with residual nodal disease included clinical nodal disease at diagnosis and poor histologic features. Patients with any of these features should consider radical resection regardless of tumor response. Others could be suitable for "watchful waiting" strategies. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/A458.