Aim:The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the vertical force required to fracture mandibular incisor teeth, obturated using gutta-percha with three different sealers.Materials and Methods:Seventy-five extracted mandibular incisors with intact and fully formed apices, exhibiting single root and canal were acquired. The teeth were decoronated obtaining a root segments of 15 mm and were divided into five groups (n = 15). Group 1: left uninstrumented and unfilled (negative control). For groups 2–5, samples were instrumented using Protaper NEXT (X1 and X2). Group 2: left unobturated (positive control). Groups 3–5 were obturated using lateral compaction by gutta-percha and three sealers (AH Plus®, Apexit®, and EndoSequence® BioCeramic™). All the samples were prepared for fracture testing and vertical load was applied till fracture. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test, for the data recorded of the force required in Newton (N).Results:The load required to fracture exhibited a significant difference. The intergroup analysis revealed, samples obturated using bioceramic sealer exhibited higher fracture resistance (P < 0.01).Conclusion:The use of gutta-percha and a root canal sealer reinforces the root dentin, leading to increased fracture resistance against vertical forces. Bioceramic sealer group in them exhibited better results.
Sutures are used for the approximation of incised flaps, assistance in primary healing, and hemorrhage control. In oral and periodontal surgery, the appropriate selection of suture material is vital for favorable healing. The aim of the present in-vitro experiment was to evaluate the tensile strengths of 4 different types of suture materials (silk, polygalactine 910, polypropylene, chromic catgut) by simulating potential short-term intraoral exposure to various beverages (saliva, Arabic coffee, tea, cola). A total of 280 suture specimens were prepared, out of which 10 specimens from each group were selected for pre-immersion testing. Remaining suture specimens were immersed in 4 different thermostatically controlled media (1 control [artificial saliva], 3 tests [Cola drink, Arabic coffee, Tea]). Tensile strength was measured at pre-immersion, 3, 7, and 14 days using a universal tensile testing machine. The maximum load required to break the suture material was recorded in Newton. At day 3, tea caused significant reduction in tensile strength of silk and cola caused significant reduction in tensile strengths of polygalactine 910 and chromic catgut. Whereas, at day 7, silk and polypropylene retained their tensile strengths better than others. The authors recommend precaution in the use of these beverages in the first postoperative week, to avoid adverse effect on the mechanical strength of sutures. When exposure to these beverages are anticipated, it is better to use polypropylene sutures that resists rapid fall in tensile strengths in the early postoperative period.
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