Robust ferromagnetic ordering at, and well above room temperature is observed in pure transparent MgO thin films (<170 nm thick) deposited by three different techniques. Careful study of the wide scan x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy rule out the possible presence of any magnetic contaminants. In the magnetron sputtered films, we observe magnetic phase transitions as a function of film thickness. The maximum saturation magnetization of 5.7 emu/cm3 is measured on a 170 nm thick film. The films above 500 nm are found to be diamagnetic. Ab initio calculations suggest that the ferromagnetism is mediated by cation vacancies.

Cu-doped Zn1−xCdxS nanoparticles were synthesized by coprecipitation technique in ice bath at 280 K. The band gap energy of Zn1−xCdxS:Cu nanoparticles can be tuned to a lower energy by increasing the Cd content, indicating the formation of the alloyed nanoparticles. The alloy structure is further supported by the systematic shifting of characteristic x-ray diffraction peaks to lower angles with increase in Cd content. Systematic copper doping induces a red shift in the energy band gap of Zn0.9Cd0.1S:Cu nanoparticles with increase in copper concentration. Cu-doped Zn0.9Cd0.1S nanoparticles were found to have ferromagnetic nature at 5 K whereas undoped particles were found to be diamagnetic. Green luminescence further proves proper doping of Cu into the ZnCdS matrix. It is believed that the green luminescence originates from the recombination between the shallow donor level (sulfur vacancy) and the t2 level of Cu2+. This method provides an inexpensive and simple procedure to produce ternary ZnCdS:Cu nanoparticles with tunable optical properties via changing Cd and/or Cu concentrations.

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