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Multicatalytic activities (photocatalysis, piezocatalysis, and pyrocatalysis) of ferroelectric ceramics Ba0.85Ca0.15Ti0.9Zr0.1O3 (BCZTO) were studied. Maximum degradations (89% and 81%) were achieved in piezo-photocatalytic experiments for degradation of Rhodamine B (RB) and ciprofloxacin. Similarly, 95% degradation of RB was achieved during pyrocatalysis in 250 heating/cooling cycles. Antibacterial performance of ceramics was analyzed with the help of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria-killing processes. The bacterial colony formation drops to zero in 90 min with poled samples of BCZTO ceramics. The poled samples performed much better than that of the unpoled samples in all the catalytic reactions as well as in the bacterial killing process.

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The BaTiO3 powder was prepared via a solid‐state reaction route. It was studied for the degradation of bacterial cells, dye, and pharmaceuticals waste using ultrasonically driven piezocatalytic effect. The bacterial catalytic behavior of poled BaTiO3 was remarkably increased during ultrasonication (10% E coli survival in 60 minutes). The structural damages were illustrated using scanning electron micrographs of bacterial cells which demonstrated morphological manifestations under different conditions. Methylene blue (MB dye), ciprofloxacin and diclofenac were also cleaned using the piezocatalytic effect associated with the poled BaTiO3 powder. Around 92, 85, and 78% of degradations were observed within 150 minutes duration for methylene blue, ciprofloxacin, and diclofenac, respectively.

This study aims to fabricate surface crystallized transparent calcium borate glass (CaO–2B2O3) for photocatalytic and antibacterial applications. The CaO–2B2O3 glass was fabricated by using the conventional melt‐quenching technique. Instead of using traditional high temperature and longer soaking time heat‐treatment, the acid etching method was adopted to get surface crystallization. Surface etching of as‐quenched glass was performed at room temperature by using three different concentrations of hydrogen fluoride in order to attain the different amount of calcium fluoride crystals at the surface. The characterization of surface crystallized glass was performed with an X‐ray diffraction pattern and scanning electron microscope‐EDS mapping system. Sufficient transparency (65%) was retained even at highest crystallization of glass surface. Surface crystallization with CaF2 induces hydrophilicity and photocatalytic character in glasses which was evaluated with contact angle measurements and smart resazurin (Rz) ink test. Around 68% of methylene blue (MB) dye degradation was also displayed by the crystallized glass. Crystallized glasses portrayed good antibacterial property against Escherichia coli (gram‐negative bacteria). Ninety‐nine per cent of bacterial depletion was recorded in 3 hours exposure time with surface crystallized glass without any external intervention. Interesting morphological changes were observed in bacterial shape and physical appearance under field emission scanning electron microscope after exposure to crystallized glasses.