also associated with decreasing prudent diet score from before to early pregnancy, such that women with severe nausea had prudent diet scores 0.29 SDs lower than those with no nausea (P < 0.001) 23 .

Background Induction of labour (IOL) in low‐risk nulliparas at 39 weeks reduces caesarean delivery. Multiparas with ripe cervixes typically have vaginal delivery within eight hours. Delivery at night and weekend are associated with higher maternal and neonatal mortality. Aims To evaluate IOL in full‐term multiparas with ripe cervixes to achieve delivery at normal working hours and improve maternal satisfaction. Methods A randomised trial was performed in a tertiary hospital in Malaysia. Low‐risk multiparas with ripe cervixes (Bishop score ≥6) were recruited at 38+4–40+0 weeks, then randomised to planned labour induction at 39+0 weeks or expectant care. Primary outcomes were delivery during ‘normal working hours’ 09:00–17:00 hours, Monday–Friday and patient satisfaction by visual numerical rating scale. Results For IOL (n = 80) vs expectant care (n = 80) arms respectively, primary outcomes of delivery at normal working hours was 27/80 (34%) vs 29/78 (37%), relative risk (RR) 0.9, 95% CI 0.5–1.7, P = 0.41, patient satisfaction was 8.0 ± 1.8 vs 7.8 ± 1.6, P = 0.41; presentation for spontaneous labour or rupture of membranes were 27/80 (34%) vs 70/79 (89%), RR 0.4, 95% CI 0.3–0.5, P < 0.001; and for labour induction 52/80 (65%) vs 15/79 (19%), RR 3.4, 95% CI 2.1–5.5, P < 0.001. Caesarean delivery was 8/80 (10%) vs 4/79 (5%), RR 2.0, 95% CI 0.62–6.3, P = 0.25; and mean birthweight was 3.1 ± 0.3 vs 3.3 ± 0.4 kg, P = 0.06 for IOL vs expectant care, respectively. Conclusion Labour induction in low‐risk multiparas does not increase births during working hours or improve patient satisfaction. Antenatal clinic visits and non‐birth hospitalisation were significantly reduced.

BackgroundProlonged latent phase of labor is associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Preliminary data indicate that labor induction for prolonged latent phase may reduce cesarean delivery. We performed a study powered to Cesarean delivery to evaluate labor induction compared to expectant management in full term nulliparas hospitalized for persistent contractions but non-progressive to established labor after an overnight stay.MethodsFrom 2015 and 2017, nulliparas, ≥ 39 weeks’ gestation with prolonged latent phase of labor (persistent contractions after overnight hospitalization > 8 h), cervical dilation ≤3 cm, intact membranes and reassuring cardiotocogram were recruited. Participants were randomized to immediate induction of labor (with vaginal dinoprostone or amniotomy or oxytocin as appropriate) or expectant management (await labor for at least 24 h unless indicated intervention as directed by care provider). Primary outcome measure was Cesarean delivery.ResultsThree hundred eighteen women were randomized (159 to each arm). Data from 308 participants were analyzed. Cesarean delivery rate was 24.2% (36/149) vs. 23.3%, (37/159) RR 1.0 95% CI 0.7–1.6; P = 0.96 in induction of labor vs. expectant arms. Interval from intervention to delivery was 17.1 ± 9.9 vs. 40.1 ± 19.8 h; P < 0.001, intervention to active labor 9.6 ± 10.2 vs. 29.6 ± 18.5 h; P < 0.001, active labor to delivery 7.6 ± 3.6 vs. 10.5 ± 7.2 h; P < 0.001, intervention to hospital discharge 2.4 ± 1.2 vs. 2.9 ± 1.4 days; P < 0.001 and dinoprostone use was 19.5% (29/149) vs. 8.2% (13/159) RR 2.4 95% CI 1.3–4.4; P = 0.01 in IOL compared with expectant arms respectively. Intrapartum oxytocin use, epidural analgesia and uterine hyperstimulation syndrome, postpartum hemorrhage, patient satisfaction on allocated intervention, during labor and delivery and baby outcome were not significantly different across trial arms.ConclusionsInduction of labor did not reduce Cesarean delivery rates but intervention to delivery and to hospital discharge durations are shorter. Patient satisfaction scores were similar. Induction of labor for prolonged latent phase of labor can be performed without apparent detriment to expedite delivery.Trial registrationRegistered in Malaysia National Medical Research Register (NMRR-15-16-23,886) on 6 January 2015 and the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trials Number registry, registration number ISRCTN14099170 on 5 Nov 2015.

Objective To evaluate fasting for 12 hours compared with expedited oral feeding in hospitalised women with hyperemesis gravidarum (HG). Design Randomised trial. Setting University Hospital, Malaysia: April 2016–April 2017. Population One hundred and sixty women hospitalised for HG. Method Women were randomised upon admission to fasting for 12 hours or expedited oral feeding. Standard HG care was instituted. Main outcome measure Primary outcome was satisfaction score with overall treatment at 24 hours (0–10 Visual Numerical Rating Scale VNRS), vomiting episodes within 24 hours and nausea VNRS score at enrolment, and at 8, 16 and 24 hours. Results Satisfaction score, median (interquartile range) 8 (5–9) versus 8 (7–9) (P = 0.08) and 24‐hour vomiting episodes were 1 (0–4) versus 1 (0–5) (P = 0.24) for 12‐hour fasting versus expedited feeding, respectively. Repeated measures analysis of variance of nausea scores over 24 hours showed no difference (P = 0.11) between trial arms. Participants randomised to 12‐hour fasting compared with expedited feeding were less likely to prefer their feeding regimen in future hospitalisation (41% versus 65%, P = 0.001), to recommend to a friend (65% versus 84%, P = 0.01; RR 0.8, 95% CI 0.6–0.9) and to adhere to protocol (85% versus 95%, P = 0.04; RR 0.9, 95% CI 0.8–1.0). Symptoms profile, ketonuria status at 24 hours and length of hospital stay were not different. Conclusion Advisory of 12‐hour fasting compared with immediate oral feeding resulted in a non‐significant difference in satisfaction score but adherence to protocol and fidelity to and recommendation of immediate oral feeding to a friend were lower. The 24‐hour nausea scores and vomiting episodes were similar. Tweetable abstract Women hospitalised for hyperemesis gravidarum could feed as soon, as much and as often as can be tolerated compared with initial fasting.

No abstract

Purpose: Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disorder seen in hospitalized patients. The prevalence has been reported to be 5-30% depending on the clinical setting. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and etiologies of hyponatremia in patients now receiving care in our hospital. Methods: We collected data on two separate days one month apart to evaluate the current prevalence and etiology of hyponatremia in patients in our hospital. We defined hyponatremia as a serum sodium level less than 135 mEq/L. We also divided hyponatremia patients into 2 groups depending on age to evaluate possible differences in etiology. Results: We found that 41 out of 879 patients (4.7%) were hyponatremic. Eighty-five percent of patient's exhibited a serum sodium of 130-134 mEq/L. the majority of cases of hyponatremia were associated with medication use (34.1%). Other associated etiologies were hypovolemia, malignancy, lung disorders, congestive heart failure (CHF), patients on dialysis and postoperative patients. Twelve patients had data consistent with the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). In terms of age, 56% of patients were more than 65 years of age. Patients receiving diuretics was a frequent etiology in older individuals, while dialysis therapy was common in younger patients. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the current prevalence of hyponatremia is not as high as reported in some previous studies. In addition, the hyponatremia observed tends to be mild and current related conditions include patients on dialysis therapy. Medication use continues to be a common responsible factor.

No abstract

No abstract