Although many bacterial species have been isolated from the rhizosphere of various crop plants, the recent discovery is Burkholderia sp., an endophytic bacterium. In this study, the Burkholderia isolates viz., RB 1 (Rice Burkholderia 1), MB 2 (Maize Burkholderia 2), SB 3 (Sugarcane Burkholderia 3) and BB 4 (Black gram Burkholderia 4) were enumerated from the root, stem and leaf samples of four different crops viz., rice, maize, sugarcane and black gram using N-free BAz (Burkholderia Azelaic acid) medium, in which black gram roots were observed higher population. Further, growth promoting activities of the Burkholderia isolates were examined, the maximum production of IAA and GA was noticed on the BB 4 as compared to other isolates and the cytokinin production was recorded more in isolates SB 3 followed by BB 4 . Among the four isolates, maximum amount of salicylate type was noticed in RB 1 and catechol type was recorded higher in BB 4 which showed that these isolates were capable to produce Siderophore. The ACC deaminase activity of the isolates were exhibited, the BB 4 was recorded more followed by SB 3 . Therefore, the endophytic Burkholderia isolates also the important contributor to the crop growth through secretion of growth promoting substances, production of siderophore and ACC deaminase activities may improve the Agriculture production.
The marine environment plays a vital role in producing valuable natural products for biomedical and pharmaceutical research. The pigment is one of the bioactive molecules derived from marine bacteria. The strain SB2 was isolated from the saltern areas of Marakanam to produce yellow pigment, round, and smooth colonies on selective media. The strain SB2 was opted out for further studies based on its pigment production (1.68 mg l-1). The incubation period, pH, and temperature are critical factors in increasing pigment production (7.81 mg l-1) from the strain SB2 using RSM (Response Surface Method) by Box Behnken Design (BBD). Similarly, the strain produced the highest pigmentation (7.67 mg l-1) in a nutrient medium containing olive oil, molasses, and corn cob powder. Using BBD, various concentrations of methanol, ethyl ether, and ethanol solvents were optimised with the isolate SB2 to yield maximum pigment (4.29 mg l-1). The extracted pigment was effectively treated with bacterial pathogens to inhibit their growth when the isolate grew at pH 7, temperature 30ºC, and salt 2% concentration. Using Box Behnken Design (BBD), optimising nutrient sources, solvents, and environmental factors with the yellow-pigmented SB2 strain recovered from seawater results in the highest carotenoid pigment production, and the pigment has antibacterial properties.
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