Fruits are the potential source of natural antioxidants and produce antioxidative compounds in order to survive and counteract with reactive oxygen species. Synthetic antioxidants like BHT ((Butylated hydroxytoluene) and BHA (Butylated hydroxyanisole ) are generally used in food products which are toxic and may cause health hazards. Fruit peels like pomegranate, lemon and orange are normally wasted during fruit processing, thus a proper waste utilization of these peels should be done. The present study was undertaken to explore with the objective to extract antioxidants in the form of phenols and flavonoids from fruit peels like pomegranate, lemon and orange peels and to determine their antioxidant activity. Home-made paneer samples were prepared with addition of natural antioxidant extracts from these peels and were subjected to sensory studies and physical parameters were analysed for 5 days. This study supports the use of fruit peel extracts as antioxidants and antimicrobials, because active bimolecules in all the three extracts exhibit antimicrobial activity to a considerable extent and results in increasing the shelf life of home-made paneer up to 5 days of storage.
The release of heavy metals from paint, electroplating, mining industries, etc. is a serious concern. Industrial effluents contain toxic heavy metals such as zinc, cadmium, chromium, lead, nickel, arsenic, etc. The sequestration of heavy metals by chemical processes is costly, time-consuming and causes environmental pollution. The use of microorganisms, example bacteria, actinobacteria, fungi, algae and yeasts for the sequestration of heavy metals is very eco-friendly, economical and fast. The work presented here describes the sequestration of cadmium and chromium from industrial effluent by bacteria Pseudomonas and Enterobacter sp. and fungi Aspergillus and Trichoderma sp. The industrial effluent was collected from Pimpri-Chinchwad, Pune, Maharashtra, India. The sequestration of Cd and Cr was less by Pseudomonas sp. which was 0.44 and 0.27 mg g-1 with biomass conc. (0.5 g). The sequestration of Cd and Cr byTrichoderma sp. was 0.51 and 0.36 mg g-1 respectively with biomass conc. (0.5 g). The biosorption is a 'green technology' for the sequestration of heavy metals from industrial effluents, waste water, and other contaminants.
A pigment is a substance that is substantially used in different industries that come in a wide range of coloration and few of which are soluble in water. Bacterial pigments have many applications in the modern day life. Some microorganisms have the characteristics feature to produce pigments which may additionally beneficial us in identification. Bacterial pigments have larger compatibility and greater biodegradability with the environment. Nontoxic nature of pigment produced with the aid of a huge range of microorganisms make them ecofriendly for use in foodstuff, dye, cosmetics, pharmacy and different industrial purposes. Pigments of bacteria provide various advantages compared to synthetic dyes. They are biodegradable in nature, easy to extract, easily available, cheaper substrates needed. The pigment produced by the bacteria can be used as anticancer agents, antibacterial agent and anti-proliferative agents. The object of the existing find out about was once to isolated pigment producing microorganism from water and soil samples and explores their properties. Based on their morphological and biochemical characteristics, they have been recognized as Micrococcus and Arthrobacter. The pigment isolated from bacterial spp. is used for the antimicrobial activity, anti-oxidant recreation and for optimization of pH, temperature and NaCl. It was once concluded that water and soil have various microorganisms and they have the capacity of producing pigments.
The color removal of textile wastewater is a major environmental concern. Color can be removed from wastewater by Physico-chemical methods such as adsorption, irradiation, ion exchange, oxidative process, ozonation, coagulation have been used to decolorize textile effluents,but these methods are costly, inefficient and sometimes produce hazardous by-product, it also affects the environment during the degradation process. The effluents discharged by different industries contain a high range of physico-chemical parameters like conductivity, hardness, alkalinity, COD, TSS, nitrates, nitrites, cations and anions. The effluent which is untreated is one of the major sources of consumed metal dyes, phenol, aromatic amines. Several aromatic amines are known mutagens and carcinogens to human beings. Among low cost, viable alternatives, available for effluent treatment and decolourization, the biological systems are recognized.The present study was undertaken to explore with the Textile dyes effluents&Biological stains degraded by the bacterial strains isolated from the effluent sample.Phytotoxicity of the textile dyes was estimated by measuring the relative changes in seed germination of plants. Radicle and Plumule growth (length) were recorded after 6 days of exposure to different concentrations of dyes. Toxicity of dye was reduced after decolourization. This property of these bacterial isolates shows a potential that can be utilized for the bioremediation of various textile industrial effluents thus saving the ecosystem from harmful effects of various dyes.
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