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Several subtypes of T cells are located in a tumor environment, each of which supplies their energy using different metabolic mechanisms. Since the cancer cells require high levels of glucose, the conditions of food poverty in the tumor
environment can cause inactivation of immune cells, especially the T-effector cells, due to the need for glucose in the early
stages of these cells activity. Different signaling pathways such as PI3K-AKt-mTOR, MAPK, HIF-1α, etc active or inactive
by the amount and type of energy source or oxygen levels that determine the fate of T cells in a cancerous environment.
This review describes the metabolites in the tumor environment and their effects on the function of T cells. It also explains
the signaling pathway of T cells in the tumor and normal conditions, due to the level of access to available metabolites and
subtypes of T cells in the tumor environment.
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