Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of trunk stabilization exercises on Static and Dynamic Sitting Balance among Children with Cerebral Palsy Method: This randomized controlled trail was conducted at physiotherapy department, Mayo hospital, Lahore. 38 children were with cerebral palsy were enrolled in this study via non-probability purposive sampling technique which later on randomized and allocated to two equal groups. Group A received specific core stability training while group B received conventional physical therapy treatment. Written informed consent was procured from every participant or their guardian through signed consent forms. Questionnaire used for data collection was Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-88) also used for assessment of sitting balance. Results: Descriptive statistics showed participants were having mean age of6.00 ±2.00 for group A and 5.52±.1.80 for Group B. Participants who received trunk stabilization exercises showed marked improvement as compared to group B. There was a statistically significant improvement in all measured variables following the intervention (P<0.05). Pre-treatment sitting GMFM mean score in group A was 27.54 ± 3.61, while in group B was 26.48 ± 4.64. After 3 week treatment mean score in group A was 30.04 ± 3.81 and in group B was 27.43 ± 4.36 and post treatment mean score in group A was 32.80 ± 3.54 and in group B was 29.46 ±4.36. Practical Implication: This research would lay another evidence highlighting the effectiveness of trunk stability exercises to not only improve sitting balance among cerebral palsy patients but also the quality of life among them. Conclusion: It was concluded from the study that trunk stabilization exercises showed significant improvement in static and dynamic sitting balance scale among cerebral palsy children. The children when treated with trunk stabilization exercises showed a significant treatment outcome when analyzed on Gross Motor Function Measure GMFM-88. Keywords: Cerebral Palsy, Trunk control, Static sitting Balance, Dynamic sitting balance, GMFM-88.
Aim: In this study, the post-implementation effects of two active learning strategies i.e., team-based learning (TBL) and flipped classroom learning (FCL) on academic achievements in terms of test scores were compared in undergraduate physical therapy students. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study. Fifty undergraduate physical therapy students were included in this study. Students were equally divided into two groups i.e., team-based learning (TBL) and flipped classroom learning (FCL). The perception of students about this mode of learning was assessed by using the Likert scale. To assess post-implementation performance multiple choice question (MCQ) based test was used. Results: The average age of students in TBL group was 19.12±0.60 years whereas, in the FCL group average age was 19.04±0.45 years. 52% of students of the TBL group and 56% of students of the FCL group preferred the implemented active learning strategies as a better learning mode as compared to the conventional method. Both learning strategies i.e., FCL and TBL increased the post-knowledge level of students (p-value <0.05 for both). But while comparing FCL and TBL, the post-knowledge level in TBL was68.88±7.08 and in FCL group was 79.48±10.02 with p<0.05 showing that FCL was better than TBL. Conclusion: Team-based and flipped class room learning increased the knowledge level of students. As compared to team-based learning, flipped class room learning was a better learning strategy. Keywords: students learning, academic, learning in classroom, Team based classroom learning, flipped classroom learning
Male pattern baldness (MPB) is a common condition that has a negative impact on the psycho-social health of many men. This study aims to engineer an alcohol-free formulation to cater for individuals who may have had allergic reactions to alcohol-based preparations. A lipid-based nanoparticle system composed of stearic and oleic acid (solid and liquid lipid) was used to deliver dutasteride (DST) for topical application. Two compositions, with oleic acid (Formulation A) and without (Formulation B), were compared to analyse the role of oleic acid as a potential active ingredient in addition to DST. DST-loaded LNP were prepared using the emulsification–ultrasonication method. All of the prepared formulations were spherical in shape in the nanometric size range (150–300 nm), with entrapment efficiencies of >75%. X-ray diffractograms revealed that DST exists in an amorphous form within the NLP matrices. The drug release behaviour from both LNP preparations displayed slow release of DST. Permeation studies through pig ear skin demonstrated that DST-LNP with oleic acid produced significantly lower permeation into the dermis compared to the formulation without oleic acid. These results suggest that the proposed formulation presents several characteristics which are novel, indicating its suitability for the dermal delivery of anti-androgenic molecules.
Introduction: Convalescent plasma, is the component of blood which contains antibodies and is obtained from people that have recovered from COVID- 19.These antibodies have antiviral properties and may be useful inCOVID 19 patientsIn ourstudy we intend to study the benets of plasma by observing various clinical parameters on patients before and after therapy. If a signicant improvement is seen we can suggest its use in the treatment of COVID-19. Since the current pandemic has taken a toll on millions of lives so far, it is important that we come up with newer treatment methods and also study the importance and relevance of already suggested treatment modalities to improve patient care. Aim : To study the effectiveness ofCOVID- 19 convalescent plasma in the treatment ofCOVID-19 by comparing 28 daymortality and variouslab parameters and clinical improvement of patients that received plasma therapy vs those that did not. Material Method: This is a clinical case control study from September 2020 to May 2021 conducted in Blood Bank, Government Doon Medical College and Hospital, Dehradun. 100 patients suffering with moderate and severeCOVID 19 disease were taken in the study who were transfused with convalescent plasma and 100 control patients were taken who were only given bestsupportive treatment.Various clinical and serological parameterswere studied in the two groups to see its effectiveness on the patientsstatus. Serological parameters included in the study are C- reactive protein, IL-6 and serum Ferritin. Results: On performing chi square test, no signicant difference between plasma and control groupsin the clinical outcome after 28 days both formoderate cases(P=0.261) and severe cases(P=0.191) was found. The overall difference in mortality in the two groups was also not statistically signicant (p=0.415). The mean biochemical lab parameters showed an overall downward trend in both the groups but difference in the improvement was notstatistically signicant except in case of interleukin 6 that improved signicantly in patients that received plasma therapy (p=0.01) Summary: Convalescent Plasma therapy did not show any additional benetinclinicaloutcome,reductionin28daymortality andlabparameterss exceptforIL-6.
Background: For elderly persons who are frail, effective fall prevention strategies are required. Our goal was to evaluate physical activity's value in preventing falls in older persons. Material and Methodology: The physiological profile evaluation was used to conduct a randomised control experiment on individuals aged sixty five and older who were categorised as pre-frail and had mild to moderate fall risk scores.A total of 54 participants were recruited in the study using allocation concealment. 54 participants were split into two groups at random i.e MPE (n = 27), control (n = 27). The three-day-per-week, 12-week intervention mainly concentrated on proprioception, muscular development, response time, and balancing training. The main finding was the assessment of fall risk using PPA twelve weeks after baseline and at a 24 week follow-up. Results: At weeks 12 and 24, there were significant changes between the MPE group and controls in the fall risk, proprioception, muscle strength, response speed, postural sway, and fear of falling scores. In addition, the MPE group's HRQOL had dramatically improved compared to controls. Practical Implication: by identifying and establishing effect of physical activity in geriatric population in reducing risk of fall, clinical phrophylatic and rehabilitation palns can be designed and implemented before hand to decrease the chances of fall iniuries and to facilitate the rehabilitation plan after the injury. Conclusion: The MPE programme significantly improved proprioception, response time, and postural sway in elderly people with pre-frailty, which decreased the risk of falls.The MPE programme is therefore advised for use in routine primary care for the geriatric population. Keywords: Fall, Geriatric, MPE, Physical Activity, risk of fall, pre-frail, multiple physical exercise, HRQOL, postural sway
Background: During Covid pandemic the teaching/learning shifted from face to face to online. All institutions around the world developed learning environment for the students to facilitate distant learning. Subsequently assessments also followed online. After opening of the institutions on campus learning and assessments were carried out as usual. Objective: To see the effectiveness of teaching methods (online versus on campus) and to suggest improvement in both methods of teaching. Study Design: Retrospective comparative study Place and Duration of Study: Hitec-IMS, Taxila Pakistan from 1st September 2021 to 29th February 2022. Methodology: One hundred and ninety six academic performances of students in both the methods of learning were enrolled. Using purposive sampling technique, the EOB results of online and on campus were analyzed. Results: The better performance of student in term of summative assessments during online learning. Conclusion: Students found online environment better for learning and performing during examinations. Keywords: HITEC-IMS (Hitec Institute of Medical Sciences), NUMS (National University of Medical Sciences), EOB (end of block)
Introduction: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) has challenged the world. A complete blood workup as well as continuous tracking of haematological parameters play a vital role in revealing the risks of disease progression and eventually help in better treatment and outcome. Aim: To access the haematological parameters {Complete Blood Count (CBC), Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Serum Ferritin (S. ferritin) levels} in COVID-19 patients to correlate its association with the severity of the disease. Materials and Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional study in which 200 patients who were confirmed as COVID-19 positive by real time Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) in the month of July-August 2020 were included. Blood was collected from patients of COVID-19 using the routine methods and was evaluated for CBC and S. ferritin levels. Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) was also calculated. Results: The NLR was positively correlated with severity of COVID-19. Patients with higher NLR levels were admitted to Intensive Care Unit (ICU) because of severity in their condition. In the present study, 42 of 47 (89.4%) ICU patients had S. ferritin levels >1000 ng/mL whereas only 8 (5.2%) of non ICU patients had S. ferritin levels >1000 ng/mL. Conclusion: The NLR and S. ferritin positively correlated with the severity of COVID-19 disease.
BACKGROUND: FNAC is a minimally invasive procedure with a signicant diagnostic role in extrapulmonary tuberculosis. ZN Stain for demonstration of mycobacterium tuberculosis is extensively used. However, it has low sensitivity. Fluorochrome stain like Auramine- Rhodamine (AR) appear to be more likely to detect tubercular bacilli than ZN stain and also reduces the examination time. To study the OBJECTIVES: correlation of cytomorphology of extrapulmonary tuberculosis(EPTB) obtained on FNAC with ZN and AR positivity. MATERIALMETHODS: A total of 250 patients were taken, that were referred to the Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, AMU, Aligarh from October 2015 to November 2017. Samples were collected by FNA and smears prepared were stained with H&E, ZN and AR stain. Smears were observed for positivity of Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB). Culture was taken as gold standard. RESULTS: The most common site of extra pulmonary tuberculosis was cervical lymph node seen in 76.4% cases and the most common cytomorphological pattern on FNAC was epithelioid cell granuloma with necrosis seen in 86.4% cases. The sensitivity of AR stain in picking up AFB was found to be 63.4% and the specicity was 81.9%, whereas ZN stain had a low sensitivity of 45.3% but had a high specicity of 87.9%. Statistically signicant difference between the two stains was seen on applying chi square test (p<0.001). Cohen's kappa coefcient for ZN vs AR stain was 0.65 and the strength of agreement between the two stains was substantial CONCLUSION: AR stain is more sensitive than ZN stain in diagnosing extrapulmonary tuberculosis and on combining it with cytomorphology it can help increase the diagnostic yield.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.