Bioprospecting of secondary metabolites is a key predictor for economic growth and development of a country. In the present study, we reviewed the trend of bioprospecting in Brazil focused on taxonomic groups. We use data published in the Web of Science and Scopus. Studies with this topic were published between 2004 and 2018, whose taxa, plants, microorganisms, insects, sponges, and amphibians were bioprospected, demonstrating significant growth in the number of publications (R² = 0.77; N = 67; p = 0.0006). As expected, plants dominated the citations scenario in the surveys, being the most well-known group (R² = 0.71; N = 40; p = 0.002), as a result of Brazil having the greatest species richness of plants in the world with great pharmacological use. The increase on the number of studies, especially in the kingdom Plantae, maximized the biotechnological applicability in the pharmaceutical industry. Microorganisms, including algae, bacteria and fungi also showed a significant increase in the number of publications (R² = 0.81; N = 34; p= 0.0002). Regarding the biotechnological applications of bioprospecting research in Brazil, the pharmaceutical industry accounted for the majority of the investigations (72.9 %), followed by agriculture (12.8 %), bioenergy industry (5.7 %), bioremediation (4.3 %), and food industry (4.3 %). The data indicate a promising scenario in the country's bioprospecting; however, insects, sponges and amphibians had a low number of published studies, making it impossible to perform a temporal analysis.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the glyphosate herbicide effect on Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. ex Hayne seedlings. A randomized block design with 5 replicates was used with an experimental unit composed of one H. stigonocarpa plant in 5L pots. The treatments were: 0 (control); 9.6; 240; 480; 960 g a. ha− 1 of glyphosate. Evaluations were performed 24 hours and 60 days after application. Gas exchange, respiration, photosynthesis, visual, anatomical and histochemical evaluations were carried out with leaves from the middle third being collected, and the growth in relation to the two dates was measured and recorded. The growth analysis showed that the seedlings showed an increase in stem diameter, a decrease in leaf number and an increase in height. There were increases in photosynthetic, electron transport and transpiratory rates, and in the effective yield of photosystem II one day after the glyphosate application. The plants then showed a reduction in transpiratory rate and a reduction in Fv/Fm at 60 days after application. With these studies we can conclude that the Hymenaea stigonocarpa species is able to survive after contact with the glyphosate herbicide, with no visual and/or anatomical damage, along with positive increases in growth and physiological characteristics.

The soybean looper, Chrysodeixis includens, is a primary soybean pest that reduces crop productivity. This work examined control of C. includens populations with methanolic extract of Serjania erecta, a native Cerrado plant, while minimizing risks to pollinators, natural enemies and the environment. Serjania erecta specimens were collected, identified, and subjected to methanol extraction. Bioassays were performed using newly hatched and second-instar caterpillars and different extract concentrations on the diet surface to obtain IC50 values. Two replicates, containing 10 caterpillars, were established in triplicate. The IC50 values were 4.15 and 6.24 mg of extract mL−1 for first-instar and second-instar caterpillars, respectively. These growth inhibition results informed the extract concentrations assessed in subsequent development inhibition assays, in which the pupal weight was higher under the control than under the treatments. Extract treatments increased the duration of the larval, pupal and total development. The potential of different concentrations of S. erecta extract to inhibit the enzymes carboxylesterases was also evaluated. Carboxylesterases activity decreased by 41.96 and 43.43% at 7.8 and 15.6 μg mL−1 extract, respectively. At 31.3 μg mL−1 extract, enzymatic activity was not detected. Overall, S. erecta leaf methanolic extract showed inhibitory potential against carboxylesterases.

A Educação de Jovens e Adultos permite a democratização do ensino, contribuindo para que trabalhadores, muito tempo fora da escola, tenham acesso à educação. Nessa perspectiva, as aulas práticas são vistas como uma opção viável para experimentar as teorias vistas em sala de aula, dar maior significado ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem, considerando o conhecimento prévio que esses alunos trazem consigo. Para tanto, o minicurso “Fatores que Afetam a Fotossíntese” foi ofertado aos alunos do PROEJA Administração durante o estágio supervisionado. Esses alunos tiveram, pela primeira vez, o acesso ao laboratório, bem como aos seus equipamentos, aprendendo, após a ministração de aula teórica, a manuseá-los e a realizar experimentos, garantindo que o conteúdo da teoria fosse observado na prática, valorizando o trabalho em equipe e a contextualização com suas realidades.

O presente artigo trata da análise dos resultados de uma pesquisa qualitativa/quantitativa desenvolvida junto aos arquivos da Coordenação de Registros Escolares. Dados quanto à cor/etnia de alunos que ingressaram antes e depois da lei 12.711/2012 começar a ser aplicada na instituição foram coletados a fim de observar o aumento ou diminuição de alunos negros e pardos no curso de agronomia do Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Rio Verde. Esse levantamento foi realizado com finalidade estatística, como também suscitar a discussão sobre a exclusão racial e a indiferença de parte do universo acadêmico a esse respeito. Para tanto, utilizamos os teóricos Carvalho, Nascimento, Durham, Faria, Gonçalves, Hino, Santos e Kaczmarek no debate sobre cotas; Munanga, Neves, Silva e Barbosa com os conceitos de raça, etnia, cor e participação política; Boris e Prado Júnior para a formação do povo brasileiro. A população negra tem crescido significativamente, entretanto, continuam sendo minoria nos cursos de graduação. Cotas são instrumentos de justiça social para o ingresso no ensino superior e visam diminuir a insondável dívida da sociedade para com os negros. A criação de leis e decretos passou a garantir o ingresso do negro, assim como do pardo e do indígena nas instituições públicas de ensino superior, obedecendo outros critérios, como a procedência de escola pública e renda familiar per capita de no máximo 1,5 salários mínimos, sendo reservada a esse público 50% das vagas nas instituições federais de ensino. A política de reparo tem mostrado eficácia ao possibilitar o maior acesso de negros à graduação, oportunizando a ascensão social e reduzindo a elitização e o branqueamento visto historicamente no ensino superior. Embora medidas sociais tenham sido tomadas, ainda há muito que avançar e que democratizar quanto ao acesso e permanência, tornando a educação possível a todos, sem distinção. Palavras-chave: Acesso à universidade. Desigualdade social. Escravidão.