Patient populations, including those with hematological malignancies, have different responses to COVID-19 vaccines. This study aimed to quantitatively analyze the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines in patients with hematological malignancies. Studies reporting on the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines in cohorts with hematological malignancies compared to healthy controls were systematically searched in four databases. Meta-analysis and subgroup analyses were performed to generate quantitative synthesis. Fifteen studies with 2,055 cohorts with hematological malignancies and 1,105 healthy subjects as control were included. After two doses of COVID-19 vaccination, only 60% of cohorts with hematological malignancies were seroconverted compared to healthy controls (RR 0.60; 95%CI 0.50–0.71). A single dose of the vaccine resulted in a significantly lower seroconversion rate (RR 0.30; 95%CI 0.16–0.54). Non-Hodgkin lymphoma cohorts had the lowest rate of seroconversion (RR 0.5; 95%CI 0.35–0.71) and those who received active treatments had lower immunological responses (RR 0.59; 95%CI 0.46–0.75). Antibody titers were lower in cohorts with hematological malignancies without any differences in adverse effects in both groups. In conclusion, cohorts with hematological malignancies showed a lower seroconversion rate and antibody titers after receiving COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. The type of malignancy and the status of treatment had a significant impact on the response to vaccination. The vaccines were shown to be safe for both patients with hematological malignancies and healthy controls. Booster doses and stricter health protocols might be beneficial for patient populations.

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Objective: Alcohol accumulation in the liver can cause pathological disorders such as liver fibrosis that can develop into hepatocellular carcinoma,one of the main causes of mortality associated with liver disease. The previous studies have shown that a plant compound, alpha-mangostin, has anantioxidant effect in the inhibition of pancreatic tumor growth in vitro. This study aimed to analyze the antioxidative properties of alpha-mangostin inacetaldehyde-induced liver fibrosis in vitro.Methods: Immortalized hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), of the LX-2 cell line, were incubated with acetaldehyde in the presence or absence of alphamangostin(10 and 20 μM). The cells were then counted and lysed, and LX-2 cell viability was determined with the trypan blue exclusion method. Themalondialdehyde levels, superoxide dismutase activity, and glutathione (GSH) levels were also determined using the cell lysates.Results: Acetaldehyde treatment resulted in a significant increase in HSC cell viability and decreased the production of GSH. Alpha-mangostintreatment resulted in reduced cell viability of the HSCs and prevention of the loss of intracellular GSH.Conclusion: Alpha-mangostin reduced acetaldehyde-induced cell proliferation, and this was affected at least in part by its antioxidative properties

Background: Heart failure (HF) has been described as an emerging pandemic as its prevalence continues to rise with a growing and aging population. HF patients are more vulnerable to infections with higher risk of hospitalisation, morbidity, and mortality. During this COVID-19 pandemic, telemedicine has emerged as an alternative to usual out-patient care. This study aimed to systematically review available literature regarding the effect of telemedicine on mortality, health-related quality of life (HR-QoL), and hospitalisation rate of HF patients. Method:A literature search was conducted on five databases (PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, SCOPUS and Cochrane Central Database) up to 21 st May 2022. Data from studies that fulfilled the eligibility criteria were collected and extracted. Included studies were critically appraised using suitable tools and extracted data were synthesized qualitatively.Results: A total of 27 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis with a total of 21,006 patients and sufficient level of bias. Reduction in the mortality rate, HFrelated hospitalisation rate, and improvement in the HR-QoL were shown in most of the studies, although only some were statistically significant. Conclusions:The use of telemedicine is a promising and beneficial method for HF patients to acquire adequate health care services. Further studies in this field are needed, especially in developing countries and with standardized method, to provide better services and protections for HF patients. Telemonitoring and patient-centred partnership via interactive communication between healthcare team and patients is central to successful telemedicine implementation.