In children with acute diarrhea, the addition of amylase-resistant starch to glucose ORS significantly shortened duration of diarrhea compared with standard treatment.
BackgroundMost studies on Prechtl's method of assessing General Movements (GMA) in young infants originate in Europe. Aim To determine if motor behavior at an age of 3 months post term is associated with motor development at 12 months post age in VLBW infants in India. Methods 243 VLBW infants (135 boys, 108 girls; median gestational age 31wks, range 26-39wks) were video-recorded at a median age of 11wks post term (range 9-16wks). Certified and experienced observers assessed the videos by the "Assessment of Motor Repertoire -2 to 5 Months". Fidgety movements (FMs) were classified as abnormal if absent, sporadic or exaggerated, and as normal if intermittently or continually present. The motor behaviour was evaluated by repertoire of coexistent other movements (age-adequacy) and concurrent motor repertoire. In addition, videos of 215 infants were analyzed by computer and the variability of the spatial center of motion (C SD ) was calculated. The Peabody Developmental Motor Scales was used to assess motor development at 12 months. Results Abnormal FMs, reduced age adequacy, and an abnormal concurrent motor repertoire were significantly associated with lower Gross Motor and Total Motor Quotient (GMQ, TMQ) scores (p<0.05). The C SD was higher in children with TMQ scores <90 (-1SD) than in children with higher TMQ scores (p=0.002). Conclusion Normal FMs (assessed by Gestalt perception) and a low variability of the spatial center of motion (assessed by computer-based video analysis) predicted higher Peabody scores in 12-month-old infants born in India with a very low birth weight.
Five children with Joubert syndrome (JS), who fulfilled the criteria and had molar tooth sign (MTS) on magnetic resonance imaging were included in the study. Prominent forehead, open mouth and low set ears were consistent facial features. Severe developmental delay was seen in three children (66%). A differential developmental delay was noticed in all children and was independent of the radiological features. The children who had complications in the neonatal period were found to have more developmental delay on follow-up. The optimal control of sleep disturbances and hyperkinesis in one child resulted in a better cognitive performance. A regular neuro-developmental follow-up and interventions can optimize the potential of children with JS. In addition to the regular screening for retinal, renal and hepatic functions in JS, there is a need to monitor cognitive functions, sleep and behavior.
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