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Objective This study aimed to investigate differences in healthcare seeking behaviour and barriers between students living in the parental home and those living on their own. Participants Five hundred and six second year students of the University of Amsterdam (UvA), interviewed in March and April 2015. Methods In a paper-and-pencil survey, questions were asked about the students' healthcare seeking behaviour and barriers. Differences according to residency were analysed with χ2-tests and regression models. Results The frequency of healthcare seeking behaviour varied according to residency, but none of the differences were statistically significant. Yet, a proportion of students living on their own visited primary healthcare providers less often after they changed residency (23.7% for general practitioner and 41.8% for dentist). Travel distance and lack of time were most often mentioned as barriers to students living on their own. Conclusion The barriers implicate the importance of encouraging students living on their own to switch to a new general practitioner or dentist.