This contribution makes use of AquaChem computational platform to determine the mineral assemblage and mineral speciation of hand-dug well water of Kakamega Metropolis. Mineral speciation, hydrochemical behavior, charge balance error (CBE), and piper plots are important factors in establishing mineral composition and water histories of a given hydrological regime. The ionic strength as predicted using AquaChem was between 0.0051 and 0.0068 in the hand-dug wells investigated in this study. AquaChem gave a charge balance error (CBE) of between 38.0 and -0.9, and predicted that Kakamega waters belong to the class of primary waters having very low concentration of total dissolved solids (TDS<150 mg/kg). Piper plots indicated that the water is possibly from local supply of each element throughout history, origin, and migration of the water. Evidently, the oxygen-rich ions represented by and were abundant compared to Cl -and F -. This implies that the water originates from shallow aquifers, and is of low salinity.
Crystallization of a hard-sphere system of fermions with densities ranging from low to high values has been studied. Saturation densities at which the total energy E, is maximum has been calculated. The values of saturation particle number densities p s for low and high densities are; 7.11x10 21 particles/cm 3 and 1.502x10 23 particles/cm 3 respectively at which the fermions close pack or crystallize. Variation of p s with hard-sphere diameter C is not linear and it is more or less the same for both low and high density since crystallization occurs in both the cases. The total energy, E, has been found to vary nonlinearly with p at high densities and closely linear for low density. The value of E for low density is 1.435x10-22 J, and for high density it is 3.113x10-21 J. These findings are consistent with experimental and computer-simulated results obtained by others.
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