A stepwise discriminant analysis was used on a calibration sample (n = 135) of dangerous and nondangerous juvenile inpatients to determine which demographic, psychosocial, and cognitive variables best distinguished the violent inpatients. The resulting statistical model was cross‐validated on the remainder of the sample (n = 123). Results show that the violent inpatients were more likely to be younger males whose family had a history of criminal behavior and extensive family discord. Moreover, the cognitive variables showed that violent inpatients showed differences in attention and memory, especially when they were processing aggressive stimuli. Results are discussed in terms of the potential ability of cognitive psychology to adopt an ecological perspective and to contribute to forensic assessment.
We studied the predictive effects of psychological hardiness on successful selection in a United States federal tactical law enforcement assessment and selection (A&S) program. Seventy‐one male experienced law enforcement personnel participated in a week‐long, physically and psychologically rigorous A&S course. Dispositional Resilience Scale (DRS‐15) Total Hardiness scores predicted selection in this select sample. Age and cognitive ability moderated the predictive effects of psychological hardiness such that hardiness predicted selection in younger candidates and candidates with higher cognitive ability. Similar findings were obtained for DRS Commitment. DRS‐15 Control facet also differentiated selection in this sample but the predictive effects did not hold when age and cognitive ability were controlled. Findings extend the application of the DRS‐15 to law enforcement personnel selection and highlight the importance of examining moderating effects of psychological hardiness.
Objective The Color Trails Test (CTT) is a neuropsychological measure tapping into frontal and executive functioning, while at the same time minimizing the cultural and language barriers inherent in similar neurocognitive measures such as the Trail Making Test (TMT). This study generates culturally-appropriate normative data for the CTT in an adult Indian population. Method Six-hundred and sixty-nine cognitively healthy, community dwelling Indian individuals between ages 18 and 69 participated in the study. Eligible participants were stratified on the basis of age, gender, and educational attainment. Participant performance on the CTT and TMT were correlated to establish concurrent validity. Results Significant correlations were found between TMT-part A and CTT-part 1 (r = .61) and between TMT-part B and CTT-part 2 (r = .66). In addition to generating culturally-appropriate normative data, the current study found that age and educational attainment significantly impacted participant performance on CTT-Part 1 [F(4, 649) = 4.395, p = .002], whereas gender, along with age, and educational attainment significantly impacted performance on CTT-Part 2 [F(4,649) = 2.446, p = .045]. In general, younger participants with more educational attainment performed better on both parts of the CTT. Interestingly, older female participants with lower educational attainment performed better than their younger counterparts on CTT-Part 2, whereas no such findings were noted for male participants. Conclusions Age, gender, and educational attainment are important factors to consider when interpreting CTT completion times in the Indian population. Normative data generated from this study has important clinical implications and contributes to the growing body of culturally-appropriate normative data available for the Indian population.
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