Increasing the efficiency of natural gas reciprocating engines will require materials with better mechanical and corrosion resistance at high temperatures. One solution to increase the lifetime of exhaust valves is to apply an aluminide coating to prevent corrosion assisted fatigue cracking, but the impact of the coating on the valve material mechanical properties needs to be assessed. In addition to cyclic oxidation testing in dry and humid air at 800°C, creep and high cycle fatigue (HCF) testing were conducted at 816°C on bare and slurry or pack-coated 31V alloy. The coated and bare creep specimens exhibited very similar creep rupture lives, as long as the specimens were annealed according to the 31V standard heat treatment before testing. The HCF behavior of the pack-coated alloy was close to the behavior of the bare alloy, but fatigue lifetimes of slurry-coated 31V specimens had higher variability. Aluminide coatings have the potential to improve the valve performance at high temperature, but the coating deposition process needs to be tailored for the substrate standard heat treatment.
Radical Cure following an Operation for the Relief of Strangulated direct Inguinal Hernia. By Samuel J. Jones, M. D., Assistant Surgeon U. S. N.-C. D., a sailor attached to a gunboat on the blockade, on the 12th of March, attempted to raise a navy gun-carriage supporting a 100-pounder Parrott gun. On the following day, March 13, he complained to the medical officer of the vessel, Act.-Assist. Surgeon Henry, of having pain in his "stomach." An anodyne was given him, and no further complaint was made by him until about 1 o'clock A. M. on the morning of the 14th, when he complained of pain in his groin, and some swelling. Examination revealed inguinal hernia of the right side. An effort to reduce it by taxis was made, which proved unavailing. An enema of infusion of tobacco was given, and. the effort to reduce by taxis was repeated, but with¬ out success. At 7 A. M., a nauseant was given him, and during the relaxation from that, another trial was made to reduce it by taxis, which also failed. At 11 A. M., on the same day, I was asked to see the patient, and to operate to relieve the strangulation. After learning the history of the case, we concluded to etherize the patient thoroughly, and apply ice to the base of the tumour, and make one more effort by taxis before operating. This, too, failed to produce the desired result, and at 3 o'clock P. M.about 48 hours after the hernia was produced-whilst the patient was again under the influence of ether, I cut down upon the tumour, under the impression that it was indirect inguinal hernia, which had become strangu¬ lated at the external abdominal ring. As soon as I opened the sac, I found that there was no constriction at the external ring, nor was there any portion of the intestine in the inguinal canal. A portion of the intestine, about the size of a small hen's egg, rested on the spermatic cord, outside of the external ring. It was almost black, and was immovable at the point of constriction, which proved to be in the conjoined tendon, on the inner side of the internal column of the external ring. With difficulty I succeeded in getting a blunt-pointed bistoury upon the point of constriction, which was small, and not unlike the stem of a mushroom, beneath the larger crown. By careful and constant pressure I succeeded in getting the bistoury introduced through the stricture. Then, by slightly rotating the bistoury, I enlarged the artificial opening in the conjoined tendon, and drew out the bowel a little distance, and soon had the gratification of seeing the blackened hue of the bowel replaced by more of a mahogany colour, showing that the circulation was being re-established in the part. After waiting a few moments for this purpose, I again introduced the knife, and enlarged the opening'sufficiently to enable me to return the bowel to the cavity of the abdo¬ men, which I did by carefully kneading it. As soon as the bowel was re¬ placed, the incision was closed by a few sutures and adhesive strips, and covered with a compress and roller. At 10 P. M., the patient took an a...
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